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<p>Heavy metal contamination in aquatic systems poses a major global challenge due to metal toxicity, environmental persistence, and bioaccumulation potential. This study provides an integrated bibliometric and thematic overview of global research trends in heavy metal ion removal from wastewater. Bibliometric data retrieved from the Scopus database were analyzed using VOSviewer to map international collaborations and keyword co-occurrence networks. The analysis reveals that China, India, and the United States are the most prolific contributors, reflecting the influence of industrialization and environmental policies. Thematic synthesis identifies adsorption, ion exchange, oxidation/filtration, and biological processes as the most intensively investigated and evolving treatment routes. Furthermore, emerging trends emphasize the development of eco-efficient and sustainable technologies, including hybrid and nanomaterial-based systems. Overall, this overview offers a comprehensive insight into the evolution, research gaps, and future directions of heavy metal removal studies, guiding scientists, engineers, and decision-makers in advancing sustainable wastewater management.</p>

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A bibliometric analysis and systematic review of research trends in the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Fatima Ez-zahrae Mrizak,
  • Malika Ammari,
  • Hayat El-kadery,
  • Younesse El-byari,
  • Abdelhadi Mazrha,
  • Mohamed Chedadi,
  • Mohammed Merzouki

摘要

Heavy metal contamination in aquatic systems poses a major global challenge due to metal toxicity, environmental persistence, and bioaccumulation potential. This study provides an integrated bibliometric and thematic overview of global research trends in heavy metal ion removal from wastewater. Bibliometric data retrieved from the Scopus database were analyzed using VOSviewer to map international collaborations and keyword co-occurrence networks. The analysis reveals that China, India, and the United States are the most prolific contributors, reflecting the influence of industrialization and environmental policies. Thematic synthesis identifies adsorption, ion exchange, oxidation/filtration, and biological processes as the most intensively investigated and evolving treatment routes. Furthermore, emerging trends emphasize the development of eco-efficient and sustainable technologies, including hybrid and nanomaterial-based systems. Overall, this overview offers a comprehensive insight into the evolution, research gaps, and future directions of heavy metal removal studies, guiding scientists, engineers, and decision-makers in advancing sustainable wastewater management.