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<p>Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a frequent chronic condition in men over 50. Its prevalence increases to 80% after 70&#xa0;years. The use of phytotherapy in the treatment of BPH involved several plants with antioxidant, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory characteristics. <i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L. (pumpkin) is appreciated both for its edible qualities and its applications in traditional practices. This study aimed&#xa0;to explore the therapeutic properties of Tunisian <i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L., (var. <i>Bejaoui</i>) seeds’ oil (PSO) extracted by petroleum ether on testosterone-induced BPH in castrated Wistar rats, by daily testosterone injection for 21&#xa0;days (10&#xa0;mg/kg/day). Forty eight rats were randomly distributed into six groups (<i>n</i> = 8 each). One group used as a negative control (C) and the remaining groups underwent a castration then reassigned into: the Castrated group (CAS), the BPH model group (BPH), the Finasteride treated group (FINA: 5&#xa0;mg/kg/day orally), and the PSO treated groups (PSO-1: 4&#xa0;mg/100&#xa0;g&#xa0;body&#xa0;weight/day and PSO-2: 8&#xa0;mg/100&#xa0;g&#xa0;body&#xa0;weight/day: orally). The animals were euthanized the 22nd day of treatment by rapid decapitation and blood and prostate samples were collected. Plasma biochemical markers, the prostatic oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory markers were analyzed. Results indicated that PSO effectively normalized the prostate index ratio, plasma lipids and total proteins, and significantly alleviated the hepatic and the kidney damages. At the prostate level, PSO represented a potent anti-inflammatory mediator and an antioxidant scavenger; this was concluded by an improvement of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and oxidative biomarkers (MDA, CAT, SOD, GPx, PST, POD), which was histopathologically reflected by an improvement in the prostate degenerative histologic abnormalities associated to BPH, leading to a notable reduction in the prostate hyperplasia. It should be noted that a dose–effect of PSO was observed on certain parameters. These findings suggest that PSO could have phytotherapeutic potential against BPH and could be widely used in alternative medicine.</p>

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Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of petroleum ether-extracted oil from Cucurbita pepo L. seeds growing in Tunisia on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in Wistar rats

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Noura Hajji,
  • Lotfi Bitri,
  • Ikram Khémiri

摘要

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a frequent chronic condition in men over 50. Its prevalence increases to 80% after 70 years. The use of phytotherapy in the treatment of BPH involved several plants with antioxidant, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory characteristics. Cucurbita pepo L. (pumpkin) is appreciated both for its edible qualities and its applications in traditional practices. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic properties of Tunisian Cucurbita pepo L., (var. Bejaoui) seeds’ oil (PSO) extracted by petroleum ether on testosterone-induced BPH in castrated Wistar rats, by daily testosterone injection for 21 days (10 mg/kg/day). Forty eight rats were randomly distributed into six groups (n = 8 each). One group used as a negative control (C) and the remaining groups underwent a castration then reassigned into: the Castrated group (CAS), the BPH model group (BPH), the Finasteride treated group (FINA: 5 mg/kg/day orally), and the PSO treated groups (PSO-1: 4 mg/100 g body weight/day and PSO-2: 8 mg/100 g body weight/day: orally). The animals were euthanized the 22nd day of treatment by rapid decapitation and blood and prostate samples were collected. Plasma biochemical markers, the prostatic oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory markers were analyzed. Results indicated that PSO effectively normalized the prostate index ratio, plasma lipids and total proteins, and significantly alleviated the hepatic and the kidney damages. At the prostate level, PSO represented a potent anti-inflammatory mediator and an antioxidant scavenger; this was concluded by an improvement of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and oxidative biomarkers (MDA, CAT, SOD, GPx, PST, POD), which was histopathologically reflected by an improvement in the prostate degenerative histologic abnormalities associated to BPH, leading to a notable reduction in the prostate hyperplasia. It should be noted that a dose–effect of PSO was observed on certain parameters. These findings suggest that PSO could have phytotherapeutic potential against BPH and could be widely used in alternative medicine.