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<p>The food system significantly impacts biodiversity and environmental health through land-use changes and agrochemical use. However, biodiversity is important for the food supply and the underlying ecosystem services (ES) that support food production. Given the complexity of this relationship, we reviewed 1114 articles following a bibliometric analysis of the literature and we identified 5 research streams: strategies to reduce biodiversity pressure, landscape-scale ecosystem management, agricultural practices’ impact on ES, understanding ES relationships, and soil importance. Pressures from climate change, population growth, diet shifts, and biofuel production raise concerns about food security. Landscape simplification due to agricultural intensification contributes to biodiversity loss, but diversification strategies can enhance ES and reduce reliance on synthetic inputs, narrowing yield gaps between conventional and more sustainable production practices. Nonetheless, policy interventions promoting diversification and low-input farming practices should be advocated. Further research is needed to fill the gaps identified in the literature.</p>

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Review of the literature on the food system and biodiversity loss: a hybrid approach for the identification of research streams and research gaps

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月5日

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  • Francesca Frieri,
  • Piergiuseppe Morone

摘要

The food system significantly impacts biodiversity and environmental health through land-use changes and agrochemical use. However, biodiversity is important for the food supply and the underlying ecosystem services (ES) that support food production. Given the complexity of this relationship, we reviewed 1114 articles following a bibliometric analysis of the literature and we identified 5 research streams: strategies to reduce biodiversity pressure, landscape-scale ecosystem management, agricultural practices’ impact on ES, understanding ES relationships, and soil importance. Pressures from climate change, population growth, diet shifts, and biofuel production raise concerns about food security. Landscape simplification due to agricultural intensification contributes to biodiversity loss, but diversification strategies can enhance ES and reduce reliance on synthetic inputs, narrowing yield gaps between conventional and more sustainable production practices. Nonetheless, policy interventions promoting diversification and low-input farming practices should be advocated. Further research is needed to fill the gaps identified in the literature.