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<p>The objective of this work was to extract essential oils (EOs) from fresh <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> harvested during two distinct seasons and to analyze the present volatile compounds. The study also assessed phenolic content, as well as antioxidant, antibacterial, and insecticidal activities. The species aerial parts were collected in spring and summer. The main constituents identified in EO extracted in March were geranial (45.707%), neral (27.477%), citronellal (4.569%), 2E-6E-farnesol (3.761%) and terpinen-4-ol (2.008%). Conversely, the predominant compounds identified during summer were geranial (45.609%), neral (32.446%), myrcene (10.6%), geraniol (2.178%), and linalyl acetate. The samples collected during summer exhibited the highest phenolic and flavonoids content, with 268.58&#xa0;mg GAE/g DW and 113.61&#xa0;mg QE/g DW, respectively and demonstrated superior antioxidant activity, with IC<sub>50</sub> value of 22.7&#xa0;μg/mL for DPPH and EC<sub>50</sub> value of 50.38&#xa0;μg/mL for FRAP. Additionally, the same EO showed strong antimicrobial activity against <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i>, with an MIC of 0.125&#xa0;mg/mL. The repellency percentage of EOs against <i>Tribolium castaneum</i> varied depending on the harvest period and EO concentration of. Lemongrass collected in summer exhibited greater toxicity to treated insects, achieving a mortality rate of 65%. In summary, the findings suggest that the summer season is the most suitable time to harvest <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i>, particularly for applications in food, pharmaceuticals and bio-insecticides industries, offering significant health benefits.</p>

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Influence of harvesting period on essential oil: composition, bioactivity of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf and insecticidal activity against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) in stored product

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月20日

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  • Imen Lahmar,
  • Ikbal Chaieb,
  • Lyubov Yotova,
  • Naceur El Ayeb

摘要

The objective of this work was to extract essential oils (EOs) from fresh Cymbopogon citratus harvested during two distinct seasons and to analyze the present volatile compounds. The study also assessed phenolic content, as well as antioxidant, antibacterial, and insecticidal activities. The species aerial parts were collected in spring and summer. The main constituents identified in EO extracted in March were geranial (45.707%), neral (27.477%), citronellal (4.569%), 2E-6E-farnesol (3.761%) and terpinen-4-ol (2.008%). Conversely, the predominant compounds identified during summer were geranial (45.609%), neral (32.446%), myrcene (10.6%), geraniol (2.178%), and linalyl acetate. The samples collected during summer exhibited the highest phenolic and flavonoids content, with 268.58 mg GAE/g DW and 113.61 mg QE/g DW, respectively and demonstrated superior antioxidant activity, with IC50 value of 22.7 μg/mL for DPPH and EC50 value of 50.38 μg/mL for FRAP. Additionally, the same EO showed strong antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecium and Candida albicans, with an MIC of 0.125 mg/mL. The repellency percentage of EOs against Tribolium castaneum varied depending on the harvest period and EO concentration of. Lemongrass collected in summer exhibited greater toxicity to treated insects, achieving a mortality rate of 65%. In summary, the findings suggest that the summer season is the most suitable time to harvest Cymbopogon citratus, particularly for applications in food, pharmaceuticals and bio-insecticides industries, offering significant health benefits.