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<p>Although the many properties of frass from black soldier fly (<i>Hermetia illucens</i>), its application as a fertilizer is unsuccessful due to its toxicity. To solve this problem, its effects on seed germination and pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>&#xa0;L.) development were studied in the presence and absence of chitosan (Ch). For the germination test, treatments consisted of deionized water (W), acetic acid (AA: 0.08%), two doses of Ch (Ch<sub>1</sub>: 0.75&#xa0;mg&#xa0;mL<sup>−1</sup>; Ch<sub>2</sub>: 1.50&#xa0;mg&#xa0;mL<sup>−1</sup>) and of ammonia (AM<sub>1</sub>: 99.15&#xa0;ppm; AM<sub>2</sub>: 198.3&#xa0;ppm), and five doses of frass extract (IFE: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). The pot experiment consisted of S (soil), SIF (10% dried frass), SCh (250&#xa0;mg Ch), and SIFCh (SIF + Ch). SEM–EDX analysis showed that Ch used in this work, which has a rough surface, became holey and carried many ions (i.e., Na<sup>+</sup>) after it was applied to seeds treated with IFE. The germination rate was negatively influenced by 50%–100% IFE; however, this effect was diminished after applying Ch and AM compared to W and AA. Moreover, the highest root hair density was observed when Ch<sub>2</sub> and AM<sub>2</sub> were used, which proves that Ch effect is related to its amino groups. Our data showed that applying SIFCh has increased plant development and phenolic compound levels in seedlings, compared to SIF. It has also reduced IF toxicity, reducing the soil pH, electrical conductivity, and phenolic component levels. Thus, combining Ch and IF appears to be a sustainable strategy to manage environmental issues especially low soil fertility.</p>

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Chitosan reduces the toxicity of frass from black soldier flies (Hermetia illucens) used to cultivate Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月3日

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  • Fatima El Amerany,
  • Oumaima Ait Ali,
  • Mohammed Rhazi

摘要

Although the many properties of frass from black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens), its application as a fertilizer is unsuccessful due to its toxicity. To solve this problem, its effects on seed germination and pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) development were studied in the presence and absence of chitosan (Ch). For the germination test, treatments consisted of deionized water (W), acetic acid (AA: 0.08%), two doses of Ch (Ch1: 0.75 mg mL−1; Ch2: 1.50 mg mL−1) and of ammonia (AM1: 99.15 ppm; AM2: 198.3 ppm), and five doses of frass extract (IFE: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). The pot experiment consisted of S (soil), SIF (10% dried frass), SCh (250 mg Ch), and SIFCh (SIF + Ch). SEM–EDX analysis showed that Ch used in this work, which has a rough surface, became holey and carried many ions (i.e., Na+) after it was applied to seeds treated with IFE. The germination rate was negatively influenced by 50%–100% IFE; however, this effect was diminished after applying Ch and AM compared to W and AA. Moreover, the highest root hair density was observed when Ch2 and AM2 were used, which proves that Ch effect is related to its amino groups. Our data showed that applying SIFCh has increased plant development and phenolic compound levels in seedlings, compared to SIF. It has also reduced IF toxicity, reducing the soil pH, electrical conductivity, and phenolic component levels. Thus, combining Ch and IF appears to be a sustainable strategy to manage environmental issues especially low soil fertility.