Modeling energy consumption of the residential sector in Algeria in the long term

The growing energy consumption in Algeria’s residential sector necessitates innovative solutions to enhance energy efficiency and sustainability. This study examines the impact of integrating thermal insulation materials on long-term energy consumption trends in the Algerian residential sector, which faces high energy demand due to inefficient building designs and a lack of thermal insulation. Using a comprehensive methodology that combines numerical simulations with the TRNSYS program and Geographic Information System (GIS) data, the study evaluates the feasibility and effectiveness of various insulation materials. Algeria was segmented into five climatic zones to tailor insulation strategies effectively. The main results indicate that Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) reduces energy consumption by an average of 22%, with regional savings ranging from 15 to 30%. Extruded Polystyrene (XPS) shows higher efficiency, achieving reductions between 25 and 35%, while Glass Wool provides savings between 18 and 30%. Cost analysis revealed significant economic benefits, with EPS reducing costs by 23.11% in Adrar and 21.21% in Bechar. However, in regions like Algiers, insulation costs increased substantially, highlighting the need for region-specific strategies. Additionally, calculations of CO₂ emissions, cost, and financial analysis were performed to assess the environmental and economic impacts of the insulation materials. The study concludes that integrating thermal insulation materials can significantly reduce energy consumption and costs, particularly in temperate regions. These findings have important implications for policymakers and stakeholders, promoting energy-efficient building practices and reducing CO2 emissions. By selecting appropriate insulation materials based on regional climate conditions, sustainable energy consumption reduction can be achieved in Algeria.