Scholarlink

<p>Conventional synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs) often relies on toxic chemicals and energy-intensive methods, raising environmental and health concerns. Green synthesis using plant extracts offers a sustainable alternative, where phytochemicals act as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents. This study reports the eco-friendly synthesis of FeONPs using <i>Ephedra gerardiana</i> aqueous extract, a phytochemically rich and medicinally important plant being utilized for the first time for this purpose. The synthesized FeONPs were comprehensively characterized: XRD confirmed their crystalline nature with an average size of ~ 27.46&#xa0;nm, FTIR revealed the Fe–O stretching peak at 533&#xa0;cm⁻¹, SEM showed agglomerated spherical structures crystalline mean size of 22.29&#xa0;nm, EDX confirmed iron as the dominant element, and UV–Visible spectroscopy displayed a surface plasmon resonance peak at 464&#xa0;nm, indicating the formation of stable nanoparticles. Biological assays demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>. Antifungal activity against <i>Aspergillus niger</i> showed inhibition zones of 12–16&#xa0;mm at varying FeONP concentrations. Antioxidant potential, assessed using the DPPH assay, revealed concentration-dependent scavenging activity. Furthermore, the FeONPs exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity, achieving ~ 95% degradation of methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB) dyes within 120&#xa0;min under both UV and sunlight exposure. The novelty of this work lies in the first-time use of <i>Ephedra gerardiana</i> extract for FeONP synthesis. Its bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and alkaloids, not only enable nanoparticle formation but also enhance their multifunctional antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and photocatalytic applications.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Sustainable synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles from Ephedra Gerardiana extract: structural, medicinal, and photocatalytic properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月29日

查看全文
  • Asima Imtiyaz,
  • Ajay Singh

摘要

Conventional synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs) often relies on toxic chemicals and energy-intensive methods, raising environmental and health concerns. Green synthesis using plant extracts offers a sustainable alternative, where phytochemicals act as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents. This study reports the eco-friendly synthesis of FeONPs using Ephedra gerardiana aqueous extract, a phytochemically rich and medicinally important plant being utilized for the first time for this purpose. The synthesized FeONPs were comprehensively characterized: XRD confirmed their crystalline nature with an average size of ~ 27.46 nm, FTIR revealed the Fe–O stretching peak at 533 cm⁻¹, SEM showed agglomerated spherical structures crystalline mean size of 22.29 nm, EDX confirmed iron as the dominant element, and UV–Visible spectroscopy displayed a surface plasmon resonance peak at 464 nm, indicating the formation of stable nanoparticles. Biological assays demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger showed inhibition zones of 12–16 mm at varying FeONP concentrations. Antioxidant potential, assessed using the DPPH assay, revealed concentration-dependent scavenging activity. Furthermore, the FeONPs exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity, achieving ~ 95% degradation of methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB) dyes within 120 min under both UV and sunlight exposure. The novelty of this work lies in the first-time use of Ephedra gerardiana extract for FeONP synthesis. Its bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and alkaloids, not only enable nanoparticle formation but also enhance their multifunctional antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and photocatalytic applications.