<p>This perspective provides a comprehensive framework for integrating nanoparticle technologies with both the Circular Economy (CE) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While pointing out important knowledge gaps, we evaluate how green-synthesized nanoparticles can contribute to global sustainability. Despite much research on specific applications of nanoparticles, there has not been a coherent synthesis linking these discoveries to sustainability goals. In particular, we examine whether nanomaterials marketed in the literature as “green synthesis” meet the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) definition of “green chemistry.” Since many studies may not adhere to these basic guidelines, a more thorough assessment of the effects of nanoparticle production techniques on the environment, economy, and society is needed. To enable long-term use of nanoparticles in various fields, we support a multidisciplinary strategy that emphasizes scientific validation and evidence-based decision-making. This article provides a calculated path for developing nanotechnology that complies fully with green chemistry standards and the UN-SDGs and CE.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>