Explicit and Implicit Attitudes of the American Public Towards the Chinese People in the Aftermath of the Covid-19 Pandemic
摘要
This study explores the explicit and implicit attitudes of the American public towards Chinese people in the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic. The Semantic Differences in Group Attitudes Scale and Linguistic Bias Measurement were used to measure the explicit and implicit attitudes of Americans towards Chinese people. The explicit and implicit attitudes of Americans were compared with two-way indicator species analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and redundancy analysis were used to compare the differences, while considering the influence of demographic characteristics on attitudinal changes. The results indicate that explicit attitudes of Americans towards the Chinese people can be categorized into four types: “mildly negative,” “neutral,” “friendly and warm,” and “completely positive.” Explicit and implicit attitudes were negatively correlated, meaning that the more positive the subjects’ explicit attitudes were, the more negative their implicit attitudes were in certain aspects. Among personal attributes for subjects (gender, age, education, political party affiliation, unemployment during the COVID-19 outbreak, and information sources used to learn about China), the information channels used to learn about China had the greatest influence on subjects’ attitudes toward the Chinese people.