<p>Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are emerging technologies for the wastewater treatment to handle bio-refractory pollutants in different industries such as textiles, pigments, pharmaceutical, paints and petroleum. In spite of the good performance of AOPs in wastewater treatment, a newly developed wastewater treatment must also address the issue of the environmental impact of the proposed process, to keep the environment from extra burdens, before scaling up an industrial application. In the current study, the environmental impact of different AOPs and their combination have been investigated in alkyd resin wastewater treatment. The processes used of alkyd resin wastewater treatment were studied at lab scale and compared for the first time using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), through ReCiPe midpoint and endpoint methods. Electrooxidation (EO) showed the lowest environmental impact due to the lower energy consumption, while O₃ + H₂O₂ treatment showed the highest environmental impact being an oxygen and energy intensive treatment. In addition, the higher impact on Human Health, as the key indicator of endpoint method, was shown by O₃ + H₂O₂, and the lower impact was obtained for EO treatment. It is also seen that the environmental impacts associated with all AOPs are dependent on the chemical and energy consumption, which highlight the need of optimizing operating conditions. To summarize, LCA study showed that the EO is the most sustainable approach to treat alkyd resin wastewater among the investigated AOPs and it can be positively applied at a industrial scale.</p>