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<p>Water scarcity is an escalating global issue, with India being one of the most affected countries due to overpopulation, excessive groundwater extraction, and limited access to clean drinking water, especially in rural areas. Conventional water purification methods such as reverse osmosis and distillation are often energy-intensive, expensive, and impractical for decentralized rural deployment. Addressing this challenge, the present study explores the use of a passive single-slope solar still as a sustainable and cost-effective solution for water purification. The primary problem lies in the limited distillate yield of conventional solar stills, which restricts their practical application. To enhance the efficiency of the solar still, this work integrates a Fresnel lens to intensify solar radiation and an internal condenser to accelerate the condensation process. The objective of this research is to analyse and improve the thermal performance and water productivity of the modified solar still by combining experimental testing with numerical modelling. The study further investigates the influence of key environmental parameters such as solar irradiance, ambient temperature, humidity, and glass inclination angle on the overall efficiency and water output. Results showed a close agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental values, with an average deviation of 8.5%. Water quality testing confirmed that the collected distillate met drinking water standards, with low total dissolved solids (TDS), low electrical conductivity, and negligible nitrate content.</p>

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Numerical and Experimental Investigation of a Modified Single-Slope Solar Still with Integrated Fresnel Lens and Internal Condenser

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月26日

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  • Dattatray Hulwan,
  • Avadhoot Rajurkar,
  • Umesh Chavan,
  • Naman Jain,
  • Jayesh Mundphane,
  • Sayali Naik,
  • Sanket More

摘要

Water scarcity is an escalating global issue, with India being one of the most affected countries due to overpopulation, excessive groundwater extraction, and limited access to clean drinking water, especially in rural areas. Conventional water purification methods such as reverse osmosis and distillation are often energy-intensive, expensive, and impractical for decentralized rural deployment. Addressing this challenge, the present study explores the use of a passive single-slope solar still as a sustainable and cost-effective solution for water purification. The primary problem lies in the limited distillate yield of conventional solar stills, which restricts their practical application. To enhance the efficiency of the solar still, this work integrates a Fresnel lens to intensify solar radiation and an internal condenser to accelerate the condensation process. The objective of this research is to analyse and improve the thermal performance and water productivity of the modified solar still by combining experimental testing with numerical modelling. The study further investigates the influence of key environmental parameters such as solar irradiance, ambient temperature, humidity, and glass inclination angle on the overall efficiency and water output. Results showed a close agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental values, with an average deviation of 8.5%. Water quality testing confirmed that the collected distillate met drinking water standards, with low total dissolved solids (TDS), low electrical conductivity, and negligible nitrate content.