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<p>This study presents an integrated geotechnical characterization of foundation soils for a raw water pumping station located in the Gharb Plain, northern Morocco. The investigation program combined three mechanical test pits, a 15 m deep cored borehole with in-situ Ménard pressuremeter testing, and laboratory analyses performed on disturbed and undisturbed soil samples. The investigated stratigraphy consists predominantly of medium-plasticity clayey silts in the upper layers, progressively transitioning into silty sands and gravelly deposits at depth. Laboratory results indicate moderate plasticity (PI = 14–18%), low swelling potential (Ig &lt; 0.02), and moderate compressibility (Cc = 0.105–0.125), suggesting stable geotechnical behavior under service conditions. Direct shear tests yielded effective cohesion values ranging from 18 to 21 kPa and friction angles between 26° and 28°, confirming suitable mechanical resistance for shallow foundation systems. Pressuremeter results reveal significant stiffness variation with depth, with Ménard modulus values ranging from 44 to 391 MPa, reflecting the heterogeneous nature of the alluvial deposits. Allowable bearing capacities estimated using both analytical and pressuremeter approaches vary between 356 and 441 kPa, showing good agreement between methods. Predicted total settlements remain low (Sf ≈ 1.10 cm), as confirmed by sensitivity analysis with respect to applied load, footing width and rheological parameters, and satisfy serviceability requirements for hydraulic infrastructures. The study demonstrates the reliability of combining laboratory and in-situ investigations for the design of shallow foundations in heterogeneous alluvial environments. It also contributes to improving the geotechnical database of the Gharb Plain and highlights the effectiveness of pressuremeter testing for hydraulic engineering projects in variable sedimentary formations.</p>

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Integrated geotechnical assessment of foundation soils using field and laboratory investigations: case of a raw water pumping station in the Gharb Plain (Morocco)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Nour-eddine Ouslimane,
  • Hanane Barebita,
  • Youssef Merroun,
  • Fouad Dimane,
  • Mustapha Belfaquir

摘要

This study presents an integrated geotechnical characterization of foundation soils for a raw water pumping station located in the Gharb Plain, northern Morocco. The investigation program combined three mechanical test pits, a 15 m deep cored borehole with in-situ Ménard pressuremeter testing, and laboratory analyses performed on disturbed and undisturbed soil samples. The investigated stratigraphy consists predominantly of medium-plasticity clayey silts in the upper layers, progressively transitioning into silty sands and gravelly deposits at depth. Laboratory results indicate moderate plasticity (PI = 14–18%), low swelling potential (Ig < 0.02), and moderate compressibility (Cc = 0.105–0.125), suggesting stable geotechnical behavior under service conditions. Direct shear tests yielded effective cohesion values ranging from 18 to 21 kPa and friction angles between 26° and 28°, confirming suitable mechanical resistance for shallow foundation systems. Pressuremeter results reveal significant stiffness variation with depth, with Ménard modulus values ranging from 44 to 391 MPa, reflecting the heterogeneous nature of the alluvial deposits. Allowable bearing capacities estimated using both analytical and pressuremeter approaches vary between 356 and 441 kPa, showing good agreement between methods. Predicted total settlements remain low (Sf ≈ 1.10 cm), as confirmed by sensitivity analysis with respect to applied load, footing width and rheological parameters, and satisfy serviceability requirements for hydraulic infrastructures. The study demonstrates the reliability of combining laboratory and in-situ investigations for the design of shallow foundations in heterogeneous alluvial environments. It also contributes to improving the geotechnical database of the Gharb Plain and highlights the effectiveness of pressuremeter testing for hydraulic engineering projects in variable sedimentary formations.