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<p>Cracks in concrete allows the entrance of aggressive chemicals lead to the loss of concrete durability. Since detecting and repairing such cracks is often challenging, bacterial concrete, has been introduced to autonomously repair cracks. In recent years, Microbial Induced Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) has established itself as a sustainable method to improve the properties of concrete. This article provides a comprehensive review of key parameters affecting bio-concrete, and discusses the impact of bacterial characteristics on concrete properties, the effect of MICP on the durability of concrete, and the interactions between bacterial cells and concrete. Among various bacterial strains, the <i>Bacillus</i> spp. has demonstrated the highest calcium carbonate precipitation through the ureolysis pathway. Additionally, studies indicate that a cell concentration of 10<sup>5</sup> cells/mL significantly augments the mechanical resilience of bio-concrete under adverse conditions. In conclusion, careful selection of bacterial strains and an understanding of their metabolic pathways are essential for achieving optimal bio-concrete performance.</p>

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A comprehensive review of the developments in bio-concretes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Amin Ebrahimpour Bozorg,
  • Hamid Rahmani,
  • Farzad Jafari,
  • Nikolai Ivanovich Vatin,
  • Gholam Reza Ghezelbash,
  • Abbas Bahari

摘要

Cracks in concrete allows the entrance of aggressive chemicals lead to the loss of concrete durability. Since detecting and repairing such cracks is often challenging, bacterial concrete, has been introduced to autonomously repair cracks. In recent years, Microbial Induced Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) has established itself as a sustainable method to improve the properties of concrete. This article provides a comprehensive review of key parameters affecting bio-concrete, and discusses the impact of bacterial characteristics on concrete properties, the effect of MICP on the durability of concrete, and the interactions between bacterial cells and concrete. Among various bacterial strains, the Bacillus spp. has demonstrated the highest calcium carbonate precipitation through the ureolysis pathway. Additionally, studies indicate that a cell concentration of 105 cells/mL significantly augments the mechanical resilience of bio-concrete under adverse conditions. In conclusion, careful selection of bacterial strains and an understanding of their metabolic pathways are essential for achieving optimal bio-concrete performance.