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<p>The growing demand for sustainable pavement infrastructure, coupled with the increasing generation of construction and demolition waste, has intensified interest in recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavement applications. This paper presents a comprehensive review of RCA use across all pavement layers, including unbound and stabilized base layers, asphalt mixtures, and rigid concrete pavements. Experimental findings, field studies, and performance-based evaluations are critically synthesized with emphasis on mechanical behavior, durability, environmental impact, and economic feasibility. The review shows that RCA performs most reliably in unbound and stabilized layers, where compaction characteristics, bearing capacity, and resilient modulus generally meet specification requirements. In asphalt pavements, RCA significantly affects volumetric properties and binder demand due to higher absorption; nevertheless, adequate stability, rutting resistance, and moisture durability can be achieved through optimized mix design and surface treatments. In rigid pavements, RCA concretes typically exhibit lower elastic modulus and early-age strength, but satisfactory long-term structural performance and cracking behavior are attainable when supplementary cementitious materials, fibers, and appropriate curing practices are applied. Life-cycle assessments highlight substantial benefits in resource conservation, emission reduction, and landfill diversion, although these gains depend strongly on material quality, transport distance, and long-term performance. Overall, RCA is confirmed as a viable alternative to natural aggregates when integrated within performance-based pavement design frameworks.</p>

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Recycled concrete aggregate for pavement applications: a state of the art review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Omrane Benjeddou

摘要

The growing demand for sustainable pavement infrastructure, coupled with the increasing generation of construction and demolition waste, has intensified interest in recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavement applications. This paper presents a comprehensive review of RCA use across all pavement layers, including unbound and stabilized base layers, asphalt mixtures, and rigid concrete pavements. Experimental findings, field studies, and performance-based evaluations are critically synthesized with emphasis on mechanical behavior, durability, environmental impact, and economic feasibility. The review shows that RCA performs most reliably in unbound and stabilized layers, where compaction characteristics, bearing capacity, and resilient modulus generally meet specification requirements. In asphalt pavements, RCA significantly affects volumetric properties and binder demand due to higher absorption; nevertheless, adequate stability, rutting resistance, and moisture durability can be achieved through optimized mix design and surface treatments. In rigid pavements, RCA concretes typically exhibit lower elastic modulus and early-age strength, but satisfactory long-term structural performance and cracking behavior are attainable when supplementary cementitious materials, fibers, and appropriate curing practices are applied. Life-cycle assessments highlight substantial benefits in resource conservation, emission reduction, and landfill diversion, although these gains depend strongly on material quality, transport distance, and long-term performance. Overall, RCA is confirmed as a viable alternative to natural aggregates when integrated within performance-based pavement design frameworks.