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<p>This study presents the development of a sustainable ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) incorporating micro-scale rice husk ash (MRHA) and nano-scale rice husk ash (NRHA) as partial substitutes for cement. The main aim is to improve mechanical performance, durability, and environmental sustainability through multi-scale particle packing effects and enhanced pozzolanic reactivity. A series of UHPC mixtures with varying proportions of MRHA and NRHA were designed and evaluated for compressive and flexural strengths, sulphate resistance, and microstructural characteristics. The experimental findings demonstrate that the combined incorporation of MRHA and NRHA results in notable improvements in mechanical properties and durability compared with the control mixture. The optimized mixtures exhibited a significantly denser microstructure with reduced porosity, as verified through SEM and EDX analyses. In addition, sulphate resistance was markedly enhanced, mainly due to pore refinement and a decrease in the permeability of the cementitious matrix. From an environmental standpoint, partial replacement of cement with agricultural waste-derived ashes contributed to a measurable reduction in environmental impact and improved overall material efficiency. Collectively, the results confirm that the synergistic use of MRHA and NRHA is an effective strategy for enhancing UHPC performance while simultaneously promoting the development of more sustainable construction materials.</p>

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Achieve sustainable feasibility and optimizing characteristics of ultra-high-performance concrete incorporating agricultural wastes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • Nour Bassim Frahat,
  • Khaled Abu El-Hassan,
  • Yara Elsakhawy,
  • Hassan Hamouda Hassan,
  • Omar Mohamed Omar Ibrahim,
  • Mohamed Amin

摘要

This study presents the development of a sustainable ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) incorporating micro-scale rice husk ash (MRHA) and nano-scale rice husk ash (NRHA) as partial substitutes for cement. The main aim is to improve mechanical performance, durability, and environmental sustainability through multi-scale particle packing effects and enhanced pozzolanic reactivity. A series of UHPC mixtures with varying proportions of MRHA and NRHA were designed and evaluated for compressive and flexural strengths, sulphate resistance, and microstructural characteristics. The experimental findings demonstrate that the combined incorporation of MRHA and NRHA results in notable improvements in mechanical properties and durability compared with the control mixture. The optimized mixtures exhibited a significantly denser microstructure with reduced porosity, as verified through SEM and EDX analyses. In addition, sulphate resistance was markedly enhanced, mainly due to pore refinement and a decrease in the permeability of the cementitious matrix. From an environmental standpoint, partial replacement of cement with agricultural waste-derived ashes contributed to a measurable reduction in environmental impact and improved overall material efficiency. Collectively, the results confirm that the synergistic use of MRHA and NRHA is an effective strategy for enhancing UHPC performance while simultaneously promoting the development of more sustainable construction materials.