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<p>The environmental burden of cement production has intensified interest in sustainable binders such as fly ash (FA)–based geopolymers. The strength development of these materials is highly sensitive to curing conditions, making optimization of the curing regime essential. Sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA), an agricultural by-product, provides additional environmental benefits, but its high crystallinity and low amorphous content limit its reactivity. To address these challenges, this study was designed and implemented in two stages. Stage 1 examined FA/SCBA pastes with ratios of 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, and 0/100 under 13 curing regimes, including ambient curing and oven curing at 50, 70, 90, and 120&#xa0;°C for 12, 24, and 48&#xa0;h. The results indicated that compressive strength decreased markedly when more than 25% of FA was replaced with SCBA, whereas curing at 90&#xa0;°C for 24&#xa0;h resulted in the highest compressive strength. Stage 2 then applied this regime to mortars with FA/SCBA ratios ranging from 100/0 to 75/25 to evaluate strength, shrinkage, and sulfate resistance. The incorporation of 5–10% SCBA maintained compressive strength above 56&#xa0;MPa, increased flexural strength to 9.9&#xa0;MPa, reduced shrinkage by up to 75%, and enhanced resistance to sulfate-induced deterioration. Overall, the findings suggest that moderate SCBA replacement improves flexural performance and volumetric stability while maintaining adequate compressive strength, highlighting its potential as a sustainable partial FA substitute in geopolymer systems.</p>

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Fly ash–sugarcane bagasse ash geopolymer materials: curing optimization and evaluation of strength, shrinkage, and sulfate resistance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月27日

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  • Duc-Hien Le,
  • Vu To-Anh Phan,
  • Van-Thao Vo

摘要

The environmental burden of cement production has intensified interest in sustainable binders such as fly ash (FA)–based geopolymers. The strength development of these materials is highly sensitive to curing conditions, making optimization of the curing regime essential. Sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA), an agricultural by-product, provides additional environmental benefits, but its high crystallinity and low amorphous content limit its reactivity. To address these challenges, this study was designed and implemented in two stages. Stage 1 examined FA/SCBA pastes with ratios of 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, and 0/100 under 13 curing regimes, including ambient curing and oven curing at 50, 70, 90, and 120 °C for 12, 24, and 48 h. The results indicated that compressive strength decreased markedly when more than 25% of FA was replaced with SCBA, whereas curing at 90 °C for 24 h resulted in the highest compressive strength. Stage 2 then applied this regime to mortars with FA/SCBA ratios ranging from 100/0 to 75/25 to evaluate strength, shrinkage, and sulfate resistance. The incorporation of 5–10% SCBA maintained compressive strength above 56 MPa, increased flexural strength to 9.9 MPa, reduced shrinkage by up to 75%, and enhanced resistance to sulfate-induced deterioration. Overall, the findings suggest that moderate SCBA replacement improves flexural performance and volumetric stability while maintaining adequate compressive strength, highlighting its potential as a sustainable partial FA substitute in geopolymer systems.