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<p>This research investigated the development of a tailor-made hybrid slag blend (HSB) as a single engineered supplementary cementitious material for high-strength self-compacting concrete (HS-SCC), addressing the research gap in which ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and ultra-fine slag (UFS) have used as separate SCMs, resulting in limited strength development and inefficient particle packing. The HSB, formulated using UFS and GGBS in a 2:1 ratio with 1.5% gypsum, was used as a cement replacement from 10 to 50%, enabling a cost-effective, low-water-demand HS-SCC. Optimized particle packing induced by the high proportion of UFS significantly improved flowability and reduced the demand of high-range water-reducer (HRWR). Compared to conventional SCC, HSB at 40% replacement improved compressive strength by 3.7% and 1.1%, tensile strength by 13.14% and 14.95%, flexural strength by 8.77% and 7.17%, and fracture energy by 4.35% and 9.3% % at 28&#xa0;days and 90&#xa0;days, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that excessive HSB contents limited hydration due to unreacted particles, whereas moderate replacement levels optimized particle packing, while excessive ultra-fine content increased matrix rigidity and brittleness. Overall, 40% HSB replacement was identified as the optimal level, achieving a balance between mechanical performance, workability, cost efficiency, and sustainability. The proposed HSB system contributes to sustainable development (Sustainable Development Goal 8, SDG 8)<b>,</b> sustainable infrastructure (SDG 9), sustainable urban development (SDG 11), sustainable consumption (SDG 12), and climate action through CO<sub>2</sub> emissions reduction (SDG 13), thereby reducing environmental impact and supporting sustainable HS-SCC development.</p>

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Novel hybrid slag blend as a sustainable production & development in SCC

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月21日

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  • Selesca Devi Selvaraj,
  • S. Sruthimira,
  • S.S. Vivek

摘要

This research investigated the development of a tailor-made hybrid slag blend (HSB) as a single engineered supplementary cementitious material for high-strength self-compacting concrete (HS-SCC), addressing the research gap in which ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and ultra-fine slag (UFS) have used as separate SCMs, resulting in limited strength development and inefficient particle packing. The HSB, formulated using UFS and GGBS in a 2:1 ratio with 1.5% gypsum, was used as a cement replacement from 10 to 50%, enabling a cost-effective, low-water-demand HS-SCC. Optimized particle packing induced by the high proportion of UFS significantly improved flowability and reduced the demand of high-range water-reducer (HRWR). Compared to conventional SCC, HSB at 40% replacement improved compressive strength by 3.7% and 1.1%, tensile strength by 13.14% and 14.95%, flexural strength by 8.77% and 7.17%, and fracture energy by 4.35% and 9.3% % at 28 days and 90 days, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that excessive HSB contents limited hydration due to unreacted particles, whereas moderate replacement levels optimized particle packing, while excessive ultra-fine content increased matrix rigidity and brittleness. Overall, 40% HSB replacement was identified as the optimal level, achieving a balance between mechanical performance, workability, cost efficiency, and sustainability. The proposed HSB system contributes to sustainable development (Sustainable Development Goal 8, SDG 8), sustainable infrastructure (SDG 9), sustainable urban development (SDG 11), sustainable consumption (SDG 12), and climate action through CO2 emissions reduction (SDG 13), thereby reducing environmental impact and supporting sustainable HS-SCC development.