A dual-stage SEM–ANN model for BIM adoption in operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure facilities
摘要
The study investigates resistance to the adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) for facility management (FM) during the operations and maintenance (O&M) phase of existing infrastructure facilities. Despite the recognized benefits of BIM in enhancing preventive O&M practices, its implementation remains limited due to various stakeholder-related barriers, particularly in facilities designed without BIM. A systematic literature review was first conducted to identify these barriers, which were subsequently categorized through the lens of Innovation Resistance Theory (IRT). Using survey data collected from Indian FM stakeholders, statistical validation was performed in SPSS 29.0, and a structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was conducted in AMOS 29.0 to examine the underlying constructs and their interrelationships. The SEM results revealed “usage” barriers as the most critical resistance, followed by “value,” “tradition,” “risk,” and “image” barriers. To enhance the robustness of findings, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was developed to further validate the predictor importance. The ANN results confirmed the rankings, highlighting “tradition” and “value” as highly influential categories. This multi-method approach (SEM-ANN) offers theoretical insights into BIM resistance in FM and provides a four-phase roadmap for FM stakeholders to utilize actionable strategies to overcome adoption barriers, thereby promoting preventive, data-driven facility operations using BIM in both existing and future built environments.