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<p>The present study investigates the stabilization of black cotton soil (BCS) using Rice husk ash (RHA) and Coconut husk ash (CHA) as sustainable pozzolanic additives. BCS was treated with 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15% RHA and CHA individually, and specimens were cured for 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28&#xa0;days to evaluate strength development. Microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the formation of cementitious gels resulting from pozzolanic reactions, which enhanced particle bonding and reduced voids. Geotechnical performance was assessed through Unconfined compressive strength (UCS), California bearing ratio (CBR), Indirect tensile strength (ITS), and Cone penetration test (CPT). Volumetric behavior was assessed using the swell pressure test, one-dimensional consolidation, and free swell tests, along with basic index properties. An optimum dosage of 9% was identified for both RHA and CHA. With 9% RHA addition, the unsoaked CBR increased significantly to 6.2% at 7&#xa0;days, 9.1% at 14&#xa0;days, and reached a maximum of 11.2% at 28&#xa0;days. Similarly, 9% CHA achieved 9.0% at 21&#xa0;days and 10.8% at 28&#xa0;days, representing more than a fivefold improvement compared to untreated soil. The combined use of RHA and CHA produced the highest unsoaked CBR of 12.4% at 28&#xa0;days, which was approximately 7% higher than 9% RHA and 15% higher than 9% CHA alone, demonstrating the synergistic effect of the two sustainable stabilizers. Reliability analysis of geotechnical strength parameters was conducted using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) analysis. The reliability analysis showed that a coefficient of variation of 10% kept reliability index values above the threshold value of 3 at curing periods ≥ 21&#xa0;days. The results confirmed that RHA and CHA are effective, eco-friendly stabilizers for improving the mechanical and volumetric performance of expansive soils.</p>

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A comparative analysis of geotechnical properties of expansive soil using rice husk ash and coconut husk ash

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月19日

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  • Ankur Abhishek,
  • Anasua GuhaRay,
  • Toshiro Hata

摘要

The present study investigates the stabilization of black cotton soil (BCS) using Rice husk ash (RHA) and Coconut husk ash (CHA) as sustainable pozzolanic additives. BCS was treated with 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15% RHA and CHA individually, and specimens were cured for 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days to evaluate strength development. Microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the formation of cementitious gels resulting from pozzolanic reactions, which enhanced particle bonding and reduced voids. Geotechnical performance was assessed through Unconfined compressive strength (UCS), California bearing ratio (CBR), Indirect tensile strength (ITS), and Cone penetration test (CPT). Volumetric behavior was assessed using the swell pressure test, one-dimensional consolidation, and free swell tests, along with basic index properties. An optimum dosage of 9% was identified for both RHA and CHA. With 9% RHA addition, the unsoaked CBR increased significantly to 6.2% at 7 days, 9.1% at 14 days, and reached a maximum of 11.2% at 28 days. Similarly, 9% CHA achieved 9.0% at 21 days and 10.8% at 28 days, representing more than a fivefold improvement compared to untreated soil. The combined use of RHA and CHA produced the highest unsoaked CBR of 12.4% at 28 days, which was approximately 7% higher than 9% RHA and 15% higher than 9% CHA alone, demonstrating the synergistic effect of the two sustainable stabilizers. Reliability analysis of geotechnical strength parameters was conducted using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) analysis. The reliability analysis showed that a coefficient of variation of 10% kept reliability index values above the threshold value of 3 at curing periods ≥ 21 days. The results confirmed that RHA and CHA are effective, eco-friendly stabilizers for improving the mechanical and volumetric performance of expansive soils.