<p>The transition from traditional cement-based concrete to sustainable, bio-based alternatives marks a paradigm change in how infrastructure can adapt to environmental challenges. This review highlights the critical role of biobased renewable materials in transforming concrete from a high-emission, resource-intensive material into a sustainable cornerstone of future construction. In this review, the diverse and transformative potential of bio-inspired materials such as agriculture and forest residues (straw, husk, and wood shavings), bamboo particles, natural gums, egg shells, fibers (hemp, flax, jute, coir, kenaf), bacteria, fungi and algae which can serve as bio-aggregates, biofillers, bio-based admixtures, flow additives, and binders has been explored, all of which contribute significantly to reducing the carbon footprint of concrete. Moreover, advanced solutions such as self-healing concrete, algae-based bioconcretes, and microbial-induced calcite precipitation demonstrate how nature-inspired mechanisms can enhance material longevity, minimize maintenance, and close performance gaps in eco-friendly construction. The integration of natural fiber reinforcements further improves the mechanical properties and durability of green concrete without compromising sustainability. By combining insights from biotechnology and materials science, bioconcretes emerge as a resilient, circular, and scalable alternative to traditional systems.</p>