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<p>This study investigates the combined effects of ultrafine palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) latex on the fresh, mechanical, and durability properties of high-performance concrete. Eight mixes were prepared with POFA at 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% replacement of binder, both without and with 10% SBR (by cement). Fresh properties (slump, setting times) were measured post-mixing; compressive strength was evaluated at 7, 28, 56, 90, and 180 days; and durability indices (initial surface absorption, water absorption, porosity, gas permeability, and RCPT) were monitored across the same ages. Moderate POFA replacement (20–40%) enhanced workability and long-term strength, with POFA40 reaching 47.8&#xa0;MPa at 180 days (127.5% of OPC). In contrast, higher POFA and SBR dosages reduced early-age strength and flow, and extended setting times (PM-POFA60: 439&#xa0;min initial, 700&#xa0;min final). Durability improved markedly at later ages: PM-POFA60 achieved the lowest porosity (8.99%, 31% below OPC), water absorption (3.25%, 44.5% reduction), gas permeability (59.3% reduction), and ISAT (0.04&#xa0;ml/m²/s, 56% reduction). RCPT for PM-POFA60 decreased from 2380&#xa0;C at 28 days to 985&#xa0;C at 180 days, confirming “Very Low” chloride penetrability. A cluster-informed weighted scoring framework ranked POFA40 as the most balanced mixture (score = 0.670), combining strength, durability, and workability, while PM-POFA60 was identified as the most durable option for aggressive environments. The study provides new insights into the synergistic action of ultrafine POFA and SBR latex, and introduces a novel cluster-informed composite scoring framework for holistic evaluation of hybrid binder–polymer concretes.</p>

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Fresh and hardened performance of high-performance concrete modified with ultrafine POFA and SBR latex

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月9日

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  • Majed A. A. Aldahdooh,
  • Nurhana Zakaria,
  • Abdullah M. Zeyad,
  • Nurdeen M. Altwair,
  • Megat Azmi Megat Johari,
  • Taksiah A. Majid

摘要

This study investigates the combined effects of ultrafine palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) latex on the fresh, mechanical, and durability properties of high-performance concrete. Eight mixes were prepared with POFA at 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% replacement of binder, both without and with 10% SBR (by cement). Fresh properties (slump, setting times) were measured post-mixing; compressive strength was evaluated at 7, 28, 56, 90, and 180 days; and durability indices (initial surface absorption, water absorption, porosity, gas permeability, and RCPT) were monitored across the same ages. Moderate POFA replacement (20–40%) enhanced workability and long-term strength, with POFA40 reaching 47.8 MPa at 180 days (127.5% of OPC). In contrast, higher POFA and SBR dosages reduced early-age strength and flow, and extended setting times (PM-POFA60: 439 min initial, 700 min final). Durability improved markedly at later ages: PM-POFA60 achieved the lowest porosity (8.99%, 31% below OPC), water absorption (3.25%, 44.5% reduction), gas permeability (59.3% reduction), and ISAT (0.04 ml/m²/s, 56% reduction). RCPT for PM-POFA60 decreased from 2380 C at 28 days to 985 C at 180 days, confirming “Very Low” chloride penetrability. A cluster-informed weighted scoring framework ranked POFA40 as the most balanced mixture (score = 0.670), combining strength, durability, and workability, while PM-POFA60 was identified as the most durable option for aggressive environments. The study provides new insights into the synergistic action of ultrafine POFA and SBR latex, and introduces a novel cluster-informed composite scoring framework for holistic evaluation of hybrid binder–polymer concretes.