Impact of raw and functionalized graphene on the mechanical and electrical performance of concrete
摘要
While nanotechnology has demonstrated potential in enhancing concrete, existing research predominantly focuses on dispersing standalone nanomaterials like graphene oxide (GO) to improve mechanical strength or conductivity, leaving a significant knowledge gap in the comprehensive evaluation of novel, pre-integrated graphene-polymer hybrid additives. This study aimed to bridge this gap by systematically investigating the effects of innovative hybrids, including graphene polycarboxylate ether (GPC), functionalized graphene polycarboxylate ether (FGPC), and graphene poly naphthalene (GPN), in comparison to their base polymer counterparts, on the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. Concrete samples incorporating these additives were prepared and evaluated through standardized tests for compressive strength at 7, 28, and 90 days, depth of water penetration, water absorption, and chloride ion penetration resistance. The results demonstrated the superior performance of the GPC additive, which yielded a compressive strength increase of 98 kg/cm2 compared to the control. More notably, it dramatically enhanced durability, exhibiting a 75% reduction in water absorption, a significant decrease in penetration depth, and a 72% reduction in chloride ion permeability. This enhancement is attributed to the effective integration of graphene into the polymer, which improves dispersion within the cement matrix and promotes a denser, more impermeable microstructure. The integration of graphene-polymer hybrids, particularly GPC, thus presents a transformative approach for developing high-performance concrete that offers exceptional resistance to environmental degradation. For future adoption, subsequent studies should focus on the long-term durability under real-world conditions, the scalability and economic feasibility of producing these hybrids, and further exploration of their multifunctional capabilities, such as self-sensing properties for structural health monitoring.
Graphical abstract