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<p>Environmental problems associated with the by-products of the steel industry and depletion of natural resources increase the need for sustainable self-consolidating concrete (SCC) using recycled materials, like steel slag aggregate (SSA). This will help ensure sustainable, green, and eco-friendly SCC in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. This study aims to replace natural aggregate (NA) with SSA in green, sustainable, eco-friendly SCC. The study includes laboratory testing of SCC mixtures with varying levels of coarse aggregate replacement using slag, ranging from 0% to 100%. Three water-to-cementitious material (w/cm) ratios (0.40, 0.38, and 0.34) were employed. Fifteen different SCC mixes were prepared and assessed for their fresh properties. The study employed various testing methods to evaluate fresh SCC properties including: V-funnel, L-box, Slump flow and the accompanying VSI, sieve segregation, column segregation, and segregation probe. Furthermore, fresh density and air content were measured. One of the concerns in using SSA is the impact of their surface morphological characteristics (angularity and texture) on SCC. The study uses the Aggregate Imaging Measurement System (AIMS) to measure the characteristics of SSA and compare them with those of NA. It focuses on fresh properties, such as workability, bleeding, stability, and robustness, which are crucial in affecting the construction of SCC and consequently its final properties. Therefore, we analyzed the impact of the morphology of SSA on the fresh properties of SCC mixtures. The properties considered are mobility, passing ability, filling ability, stability, segregation, and bleeding. AIMS analysis shows that SSA has greater angularity and texture than NA, resulting in reduced workability and stability of SCC. However, it was feasible to produce SCC using SSA provided that the angularity and texture do not exceed some threshold limits. A threshold limit of angularity and texture was determined for each property. Results showed that angularity above 2800 and texture above 350 significantly impair SCC flowability and segregation resistance. Flowability and segregation resistance may be lost when these limits are exceeded.</p>

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Sustainable green eco-friendly self-consolidating concrete: effect and limitations of SSA morphology

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • Hisham Qasrawi,
  • Taleb Al-Rousan

摘要

Environmental problems associated with the by-products of the steel industry and depletion of natural resources increase the need for sustainable self-consolidating concrete (SCC) using recycled materials, like steel slag aggregate (SSA). This will help ensure sustainable, green, and eco-friendly SCC in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. This study aims to replace natural aggregate (NA) with SSA in green, sustainable, eco-friendly SCC. The study includes laboratory testing of SCC mixtures with varying levels of coarse aggregate replacement using slag, ranging from 0% to 100%. Three water-to-cementitious material (w/cm) ratios (0.40, 0.38, and 0.34) were employed. Fifteen different SCC mixes were prepared and assessed for their fresh properties. The study employed various testing methods to evaluate fresh SCC properties including: V-funnel, L-box, Slump flow and the accompanying VSI, sieve segregation, column segregation, and segregation probe. Furthermore, fresh density and air content were measured. One of the concerns in using SSA is the impact of their surface morphological characteristics (angularity and texture) on SCC. The study uses the Aggregate Imaging Measurement System (AIMS) to measure the characteristics of SSA and compare them with those of NA. It focuses on fresh properties, such as workability, bleeding, stability, and robustness, which are crucial in affecting the construction of SCC and consequently its final properties. Therefore, we analyzed the impact of the morphology of SSA on the fresh properties of SCC mixtures. The properties considered are mobility, passing ability, filling ability, stability, segregation, and bleeding. AIMS analysis shows that SSA has greater angularity and texture than NA, resulting in reduced workability and stability of SCC. However, it was feasible to produce SCC using SSA provided that the angularity and texture do not exceed some threshold limits. A threshold limit of angularity and texture was determined for each property. Results showed that angularity above 2800 and texture above 350 significantly impair SCC flowability and segregation resistance. Flowability and segregation resistance may be lost when these limits are exceeded.