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<p>This research examines the seismic vulnerability of a reinforced concrete highway bridge subjected to progressive scour conditions (ranging from 0 to 3&#xa0;m) using sophisticated nonlinear modeling techniques. The study uses the Rapti Khola Bridge in Nepal as a case study, employing fiber-based hinge modeling and Winkler spring foundations to effectively capture the interaction between soil and structure. Modal analysis indicated that scour leads to a lengthening of the period (up to 28%), which increases the structure’s flexibility. Pushover analysis revealed a 30% decrease in base shear capacity under severe scour conditions, while time-history analysis showed increased displacement demands at higher PGA levels. Fragility curves suggested that scour nearly doubles the probability of collapse (from 17.6% to 33.9% at 1.0&#xa0;g PGA), especially for extensive and collapse damage states. The results emphasize that traditional single-hazard approaches significantly underestimate the vulnerability of bridges in flood-prone seismic areas. This study highlights the necessity for integrated multi-hazard design protocols, stressing the importance of considering scour as a crucial factor in seismic risk assessment for bridges with shallow foundations. The research offers a methodological framework for resilience-based design in regions exposed to both hydraulic and seismic threats.</p>

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Seismic performance of RC bridge considering various scouring effects: a case study of Rapti khola Bridge

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • Deepak Prakash Aryal,
  • Rajan Suwal,
  • Sumit Paudel

摘要

This research examines the seismic vulnerability of a reinforced concrete highway bridge subjected to progressive scour conditions (ranging from 0 to 3 m) using sophisticated nonlinear modeling techniques. The study uses the Rapti Khola Bridge in Nepal as a case study, employing fiber-based hinge modeling and Winkler spring foundations to effectively capture the interaction between soil and structure. Modal analysis indicated that scour leads to a lengthening of the period (up to 28%), which increases the structure’s flexibility. Pushover analysis revealed a 30% decrease in base shear capacity under severe scour conditions, while time-history analysis showed increased displacement demands at higher PGA levels. Fragility curves suggested that scour nearly doubles the probability of collapse (from 17.6% to 33.9% at 1.0 g PGA), especially for extensive and collapse damage states. The results emphasize that traditional single-hazard approaches significantly underestimate the vulnerability of bridges in flood-prone seismic areas. This study highlights the necessity for integrated multi-hazard design protocols, stressing the importance of considering scour as a crucial factor in seismic risk assessment for bridges with shallow foundations. The research offers a methodological framework for resilience-based design in regions exposed to both hydraulic and seismic threats.