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<p>The use of sustainable materials in construction is becoming increasingly vital as the need for environmentally friendly practices rises. One area where sustainable materials can be applied is the construction of asphalt concrete pavement. In this paper, comprehensive investigations were made to assess the performance characteristics of sustainable asphalt concrete mixtures having waste and byproduct materials as reactive powders that alter traditional mineral filler (Portland cement) used widely in Iraq. The investigations encompassed the study of Portland cement (PC) as well as five types of fillers: silica fume (SF) and fly ash (FA) powders, which are byproduct materials, and waste glass (WG), waste brick (WB), and waste ceramic (WC) powders, which are the powder form of waste materials obtained from production, construction, and demolishing processes. The experimental programme was performed to evaluate their influence on key mechanical and performance properties, including penetration, softening point, Marshall stability, indirect tensile strength, moisture susceptibility, and rutting resistance. Outcomes suggested that WC and WG significantly enhance stiffness, performance at various temperatures and conditions, and durability. Specifically, the mix with WC showed the most significant reduction in penetration of about 42% compared to neat asphalt and had the highest softening point of 65&#xa0;°C, representing a 35% improvement compared to neat asphalt. WC mix also exhibited the highest Marshall stability (11.5 kN) with a 21% increase compared to the control PC mix. Regarding indirect tensile strength (ITS) and tensile strength ratio (TSR) measurements, WC had the highest moisture resistance, achieving a TSR of 90%. In addition, WC demonstrated the most significant reduction in permanent deformation of about 14.26% at 5.23&#xa0;mm as compared with the control mix (PC) at 6.1&#xa0;mm. SEM and EDX analyses confirmed the pozzolanic action of the waste-based mineral fillers, with high silica and alumina content in WC, WG, and SF, contributing to enhanced adhesion and mechanical performance. In addition to the benefit of enhancing the performance of flexible pavement by incorporating waste and byproduct materials as filler in the mix, this could be a step in the sustainability journey for a green environment with reduced landfill waste and carbon emissions.</p>

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Performance evaluation of hot mix asphalt utilising waste and byproduct materials as reactive powders

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月26日

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  • Ahmed Farhan Al-Tameemi,
  • Mustafa Hameed Al-Allaf,
  • Zahraa Talib Al-Fayyadh,
  • Sultan A. Daud,
  • Yu Wang

摘要

The use of sustainable materials in construction is becoming increasingly vital as the need for environmentally friendly practices rises. One area where sustainable materials can be applied is the construction of asphalt concrete pavement. In this paper, comprehensive investigations were made to assess the performance characteristics of sustainable asphalt concrete mixtures having waste and byproduct materials as reactive powders that alter traditional mineral filler (Portland cement) used widely in Iraq. The investigations encompassed the study of Portland cement (PC) as well as five types of fillers: silica fume (SF) and fly ash (FA) powders, which are byproduct materials, and waste glass (WG), waste brick (WB), and waste ceramic (WC) powders, which are the powder form of waste materials obtained from production, construction, and demolishing processes. The experimental programme was performed to evaluate their influence on key mechanical and performance properties, including penetration, softening point, Marshall stability, indirect tensile strength, moisture susceptibility, and rutting resistance. Outcomes suggested that WC and WG significantly enhance stiffness, performance at various temperatures and conditions, and durability. Specifically, the mix with WC showed the most significant reduction in penetration of about 42% compared to neat asphalt and had the highest softening point of 65 °C, representing a 35% improvement compared to neat asphalt. WC mix also exhibited the highest Marshall stability (11.5 kN) with a 21% increase compared to the control PC mix. Regarding indirect tensile strength (ITS) and tensile strength ratio (TSR) measurements, WC had the highest moisture resistance, achieving a TSR of 90%. In addition, WC demonstrated the most significant reduction in permanent deformation of about 14.26% at 5.23 mm as compared with the control mix (PC) at 6.1 mm. SEM and EDX analyses confirmed the pozzolanic action of the waste-based mineral fillers, with high silica and alumina content in WC, WG, and SF, contributing to enhanced adhesion and mechanical performance. In addition to the benefit of enhancing the performance of flexible pavement by incorporating waste and byproduct materials as filler in the mix, this could be a step in the sustainability journey for a green environment with reduced landfill waste and carbon emissions.