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<p>Piano key weirs (PKWs) are a type of non-linear, advanced labyrinth weir. Considering high efficiency of these weirs, studying flow energy dissipation (energy loss) and strategies to enhance it is essential. For the first time, this research investigated flow energy loss and its enhancement via vegetation in the downstream of trapezoidal type B PKWs. When compared to concrete protection structures, plant cover is more cost-effective and less harmful to the environment due to its natural composition. By decreasing the transverse and longitudinal spacing among vegetation covers, or in other words, by increasing vegetation density, energy loss increases. As the distance from the first row of vegetation to the weir’s toe increased, flow energy loss also increased due to the longer hydraulic jump propagation length behind the vegetation. An increase of 1.11 times in weir height resulted in a 15.60% increase in energy loss. Finally, dimensional analysis and genetic algorithm were used to calculate flow energy loss in PKWs with and without vegetation cover and to extend the results to natural environments and other types of PKWs.</p>

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Influence of rigid vegetation on flow energy dissipation downstream of type B trapezoidal piano key weirs

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月26日

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  • Amirhossein Fathi,
  • Ali Khoshfetrat,
  • Fatemeh. Z. Talebipour,
  • Mohsen Saadat

摘要

Piano key weirs (PKWs) are a type of non-linear, advanced labyrinth weir. Considering high efficiency of these weirs, studying flow energy dissipation (energy loss) and strategies to enhance it is essential. For the first time, this research investigated flow energy loss and its enhancement via vegetation in the downstream of trapezoidal type B PKWs. When compared to concrete protection structures, plant cover is more cost-effective and less harmful to the environment due to its natural composition. By decreasing the transverse and longitudinal spacing among vegetation covers, or in other words, by increasing vegetation density, energy loss increases. As the distance from the first row of vegetation to the weir’s toe increased, flow energy loss also increased due to the longer hydraulic jump propagation length behind the vegetation. An increase of 1.11 times in weir height resulted in a 15.60% increase in energy loss. Finally, dimensional analysis and genetic algorithm were used to calculate flow energy loss in PKWs with and without vegetation cover and to extend the results to natural environments and other types of PKWs.