Innovative solutions for potential use of waste polyethylene terephthalate bottle cap as aggregates in concrete

This study aims to enhance concrete properties by incorporating Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottle cap aggregates (PA) in different proportions (3%, 5%, and 8%) and shapes (full, half, and quarter). Mechanical properties were assessed through compressive, flexural, and shear strength evaluations on 40 prisms (20 each for flexure and shear). The specimens underwent a two-point load system and were cured for 7, 28, and 56 days. Results indicated that a 5% replacement of traditional aggregates with quarter-shaped PA significantly improved all strength parameters. The smaller size of the quarter-shaped aggregates functioned akin to fibrous materials, inhibiting crack initiation and delaying micro crack formation, which contributed to enhanced ductility and bending strength observed in flexural tests. Additionally, a mathematical model was developed to predict strength values, demonstrating a robust correlation with experimental outcomes. This model enhances precision in assessing concrete properties, serving as a valuable tool for researchers in similar conditions. Beyond concrete performance, this innovative approach contributes to sustainability by repurposing plastic waste. Utilizing PET bottle cap aggregates enhances material properties, creates more durable infrastructure, and addresses environmental concerns by reducing plastic waste, aligning with global initiatives for innovative, sustainable infrastructure development. In conclusion, integrating PET bottle cap aggregates into concrete formulations proves promising for improving mechanical properties and promoting environmental sustainability. Future research should explore broader applications, testing under various concrete strengths and stress conditions to comprehend the global potential of this approach in advancing concrete technology.