Exploring critical barriers towards the uptake of renewable energy usage in Egypt

Global energy demand is increasing, and traditional energy sources are limited. Moreover, global warming, energy sustainability, and pollution have all contributed to countries adopting renewable energy policies. Therefore, renewable energy projects are conducted worldwide but face many challenges and barriers, leading to failures. Thus, this study aims to determine the factors affecting renewable energy in the Egyptian industry, focusing on solar energy and its significance. It is also interesting to compare the factors that affect and are affected by the renewable energy sector in Egypt and other countries. This aim was reached through a literature review focusing on solar energy and various factors contributing to renewable energy. Then, 13 experts are interviewed to explore further factors throughout the energy project lifecycle. A questionnaire was designed based on a literature review and interviews to determine the importance of renewable energy factors. To determine their importance, three aspects have been considered in factor classification: technical, environmental, social, and economical. Sixty-four (64) valid responses were received. These factors were ranked and determined based on statistical analysis. According to the results, the most important factors are studying the positive or negative impact of the population on the air and water, the positive effect of solar systems on the environment, and the execution of laborers’ skills. These findings contribute to understanding the critical factors for renewable energy projects in Egypt and are useful references for countries planning to promote renewable energy projects in Egypt.