Effect of dune sand on concrete mechanical strength and ballistic resistance

The use of dune sand, readily available near military posts in Saharan regions, presents a strategic opportunity for cost reduction and optimization of construction operations. This study investigates the mechanical properties of concrete and its resistance against ballistic impacts by exploring the effects of partially or completely substituting ordinary sand, traditionally used in concrete production, with dune sand. Substitution rates ranged from 1 to 100%. Results indicate a notable improvement in mechanical properties, with the optimal outcome achieved through a mere 1% substitution. This resulted in ultra-high-performance concrete that exhibits improved resistance to ballistic impact. Improvements in mechanical strength were observed up to a 15% substitution. Similarly, enhancements in ballistic performance were noted for substitutions of up to 20%. Total substitution leads to compressive strengths greater than 60 MPa. These results suggest that the use of dune-sand in concrete offers promising prospects for sustainable and cost-effective military applications.