Hoping and Caregiving in Adversity: Ithemba Hope for Parents Study

This paper introduces the Ithemba Hope for Parents Study and analyzes the first wave of data collection. This study enrolled 380 Zulu families to participate in a biweekly home visit intervention for up to two years. Of these, 100 are in a delayed control group. The ongoing intervention includes intergenerational support groups and resources such as books, toys, and activities. Trained mentors completed observational assessments, parents completed surveys, and children participated in an affect knowledge task. Over 80% of homes did not have any children’s books. Those who did, had higher Virtuous Hope, Social Support, Emotion Coaching, Responsive Care, and Home Environment. Almost all families reported at least one adverse event in the past six months. Virtuous hope is closely connected to support, self-perceived parenting, and how caregivers respond to and talk to young children. Hope is especially relevant for parenting in conditions of high adversity.