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<p>Concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns are increasingly used in construction due to their high strength, cost efficiency, and resistance to buckling, while also enhancing structural aesthetics. However, connecting I-beams to CFST columns remains challenging because the interior of the tube is inaccessible. This study investigates end-plate connections between I-beams and CFST columns through both experimental tests and numerical analyses. Key parameters such as concrete infill, column geometry, and loading conditions were examined to assess their influence on joint performance. Three-dimensional finite element models were developed in ANSYS to simulate monotonic and cyclic loading scenarios. Results indicate that concrete infill significantly improves stiffness, strength, and ductility, while mitigating local instabilities at the column face. Comparisons with hollow columns reveal that the absence of concrete can reduce joint rigidity by up to 52.9% and decrease ductility by 18.5–41%. The study also highlights the critical role of the loaded column face and the end-plate configuration in governing joint behavior. Validated against experimental data, the numerical models show close agreement and provide a reliable tool for parametric studies and design optimization. These findings contribute to a better understanding of CFST–I-beam joint mechanics and offer guidance for designing robust composite connections in modern steel structures.</p>

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Numerical and experimental investigation of concrete-filled steel tubular column to I-beam end-plate connections: behavior under monotonic and cyclic loading

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月7日

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  • Said Hicham Boukhalkhal ,
  • Dif Fodil,
  • Abd Nacer Touati Ihaddoudène,
  • Luis F. Costa-Neves,
  • Mohamed Seghir Jaballah

摘要

Concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns are increasingly used in construction due to their high strength, cost efficiency, and resistance to buckling, while also enhancing structural aesthetics. However, connecting I-beams to CFST columns remains challenging because the interior of the tube is inaccessible. This study investigates end-plate connections between I-beams and CFST columns through both experimental tests and numerical analyses. Key parameters such as concrete infill, column geometry, and loading conditions were examined to assess their influence on joint performance. Three-dimensional finite element models were developed in ANSYS to simulate monotonic and cyclic loading scenarios. Results indicate that concrete infill significantly improves stiffness, strength, and ductility, while mitigating local instabilities at the column face. Comparisons with hollow columns reveal that the absence of concrete can reduce joint rigidity by up to 52.9% and decrease ductility by 18.5–41%. The study also highlights the critical role of the loaded column face and the end-plate configuration in governing joint behavior. Validated against experimental data, the numerical models show close agreement and provide a reliable tool for parametric studies and design optimization. These findings contribute to a better understanding of CFST–I-beam joint mechanics and offer guidance for designing robust composite connections in modern steel structures.