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<p>This paper proposes two novel splice joint configurations for prefabricated slabs. Eighteen specimens with transverse and longitudinal splice joints were fabricated and tested under bending, shear, axial tension, and compression. The innovative splice joints were also investigated via nonlinear finite element simulations. The test results validate the finite element models, with relative errors in ultimate load between experiments and numerical results all below 10% (0.4–8.9% for transverse splice joints and 1.2–7.4% for longitudinal splice joints). Parametric analyses revealed that the adoption of round steel bar improved the post‑yield stiffness and ductility. For specimens devoid of round steel bar, the load-midspan displacement curve plateaued at 7.5&#xa0;mm before dropping at 39.7&#xa0;mm. Conversely, the curve of round steel bar-reinforced specimens continued to ascend beyond 19.6&#xa0;mm. When the quantity of shear studs mounted on pre-embedded steel plates increased from zero to six, the ultimate tensile capacity of longitudinal splice joints rose by 40.7%. Simplified analytical formulas for load-carrying capacity were put forward, and the theoretical predictions showed good agreement with experimental and numerical results. The results indicated that the newly developed splice joints equipped with U-shaped reinforcement rings, round steel bar and embedded steel plate could effectively transfer bending moment, shear force, and axial force. Rational arrangement of round steel bar, adoption of curved splice section and increase the number of shear studs collectively enhanced the structural stiffness, load-carrying capacity and ductility of the specimens. The proposed splice joints for prefabricated slabs exhibited excellent static mechanical performance.</p>

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Experimental and Numerical Investigation of New Splice Joints for Prefabricated Slab

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月18日

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  • Lilin Cao,
  • Xingcheng Zheng,
  • Zhenyun Yu,
  • Jiao Zhang

摘要

This paper proposes two novel splice joint configurations for prefabricated slabs. Eighteen specimens with transverse and longitudinal splice joints were fabricated and tested under bending, shear, axial tension, and compression. The innovative splice joints were also investigated via nonlinear finite element simulations. The test results validate the finite element models, with relative errors in ultimate load between experiments and numerical results all below 10% (0.4–8.9% for transverse splice joints and 1.2–7.4% for longitudinal splice joints). Parametric analyses revealed that the adoption of round steel bar improved the post‑yield stiffness and ductility. For specimens devoid of round steel bar, the load-midspan displacement curve plateaued at 7.5 mm before dropping at 39.7 mm. Conversely, the curve of round steel bar-reinforced specimens continued to ascend beyond 19.6 mm. When the quantity of shear studs mounted on pre-embedded steel plates increased from zero to six, the ultimate tensile capacity of longitudinal splice joints rose by 40.7%. Simplified analytical formulas for load-carrying capacity were put forward, and the theoretical predictions showed good agreement with experimental and numerical results. The results indicated that the newly developed splice joints equipped with U-shaped reinforcement rings, round steel bar and embedded steel plate could effectively transfer bending moment, shear force, and axial force. Rational arrangement of round steel bar, adoption of curved splice section and increase the number of shear studs collectively enhanced the structural stiffness, load-carrying capacity and ductility of the specimens. The proposed splice joints for prefabricated slabs exhibited excellent static mechanical performance.