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<p>Water injection dredging (WID) is an efficient dredging technique that employs low-pressure, high-volume water jets to fluidize sediments and remove them from a target area via density currents. In this study, using a recent laboratory experimental database, empirical formulas for jet penetration depth, production rate, and fluid mud characteristics after jet operation are developed and evaluated against measured data. The proposed formula for non-dimensional penetration depth, depending on the calibration coefficient, achieves an RMSE in the range of 5.6–9.5 and an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.82, demonstrating substantially better performance than previous formulas. Furthermore, the feasibility of using a single-phase RANS-based hydrodynamic model to simulate WID is investigated. The results show that the three-dimensional flow model coupled with a mud transport module can effectively simulate fluid mud layer erosion under various water jet forcing conditions. Since the model employs single-phase equations and neglects density stratification, the main interests are the movement and transfer of the high-concentration sediment layer near the bed, and the impact of the flow on its dynamics. These are necessary because the sub-processes of water jet interaction with the bed and sediment suspension near the bed are successfully simulated and validated. Due to model limitation in detecting the interface between water and fluid mud, the current speed reduction is not selectively applied in the turbidity current region, and the model cannot selectively introduce two-layer interaction at the interfacial boundary (thus failing to represent two-layer dynamics, turbulence damping, or stratified shear instability). Therefore, model performance is expected to improve by identifying the water–fluid mud interface using interface tracking methods and updating flow velocity and eddy viscosity at the boundary between the two fluids. Multiphase approaches (e.g., VOF, Euler–Euler, or drift-flux) are other suggestions, albeit requiring customization for engineering applications given their computational cost.</p>

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Assessment of a Single-Phase RANS Hydrodynamic Model for Simulating Water Injection Dredging

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月7日

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  • Mohammad Reza Hosseinkhani,
  • Seyed Mostafa Siadatmousavi,
  • Felix Jose,
  • Ebrahim Jabbari

摘要

Water injection dredging (WID) is an efficient dredging technique that employs low-pressure, high-volume water jets to fluidize sediments and remove them from a target area via density currents. In this study, using a recent laboratory experimental database, empirical formulas for jet penetration depth, production rate, and fluid mud characteristics after jet operation are developed and evaluated against measured data. The proposed formula for non-dimensional penetration depth, depending on the calibration coefficient, achieves an RMSE in the range of 5.6–9.5 and an R2 of 0.82, demonstrating substantially better performance than previous formulas. Furthermore, the feasibility of using a single-phase RANS-based hydrodynamic model to simulate WID is investigated. The results show that the three-dimensional flow model coupled with a mud transport module can effectively simulate fluid mud layer erosion under various water jet forcing conditions. Since the model employs single-phase equations and neglects density stratification, the main interests are the movement and transfer of the high-concentration sediment layer near the bed, and the impact of the flow on its dynamics. These are necessary because the sub-processes of water jet interaction with the bed and sediment suspension near the bed are successfully simulated and validated. Due to model limitation in detecting the interface between water and fluid mud, the current speed reduction is not selectively applied in the turbidity current region, and the model cannot selectively introduce two-layer interaction at the interfacial boundary (thus failing to represent two-layer dynamics, turbulence damping, or stratified shear instability). Therefore, model performance is expected to improve by identifying the water–fluid mud interface using interface tracking methods and updating flow velocity and eddy viscosity at the boundary between the two fluids. Multiphase approaches (e.g., VOF, Euler–Euler, or drift-flux) are other suggestions, albeit requiring customization for engineering applications given their computational cost.