Long-Term Performance of Rejuvenated Asphalt Binders: Aging Susceptibility and the Hypothesized Role of Asphaltene Dispersion
摘要
This study builds upon our previous work to evaluate the long-term performance and aging susceptibility of asphalt binders rejuvenated by an aromatic softener, used alone and in combination with two different asphaltene dispersants. Rejuvenator formulations were proportioned by matching the continuous high-temperature performance grade of the virgin binder (i.e., 66.8 °C). In particular, for the two schemes of compound rejuvenation, the dispersant dosages were optimized while cutting the softener content (when used alone) from 19% down to 10%. Experimental evaluation focused on rheological behaviors across the full temperature range and on moisture damage resistance under increasing aging intensities. All three rejuvenation strategies effectively restored the viscoelastic properties of the aged binder, and yielded comparable rutting performance (as per the Superpave rutting factor), similar low-temperature cracking resistance (according to DTC), and superior fatigue resistance (based on predicted fatigue lives), in comparison to the control. Nevertheless, the recovered moisture resistance was relatively inferior; the obtained energy ratio values ranged from 68.7 to 92.3% of that of the virgin binder. Among the agents, the ionic dispersant demonstrated the highest dose efficiency, followed by the phenolic dispersant and lastly the aromatic oil. Based on the long-term performance results, the compound rejuvenation schemes provided enhanced fatigue and thermal cracking resistance, improved moisture resistance, and lower or comparable aging sensitivity as compared with the control. In contrast, rejuvenation with the softener alone often resulted in a greater aging sensitivity or inferior performance. Further discussions led to the hypothesis that the dispersants mitigated aging by maintaining a dispersed colloidal structure through continuous dissociation of the oxidized asphaltenes, which merits a systematic investigation. Overall, the results highlighted the potential of designing rejuvenators as synergistic blends of compatible softeners and asphaltene dispersants for improved efficiency, durability, and sustainability.