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<p>Shade variability affects solar energy systems, lessening their energy production. Altering solar array linkages have shown assured results in reducing theses partial shading (PS) effects. In this manuscript, the authors introduce two new enhanced photovoltaic array reconfiguration patterns namely, sandwich SuDoKu (SWS) and knight SuDoKu (KNS) which boosts energy output in diverse partial shading scenarios. To implement these reconfiguration patterns, the Z3 solver has been used to solve Sudoku puzzles, providing an alternative to the commonly used backtracking algorithm in similar studies. These strategies, as shown through MATLAB/Simulink simulations efficaciously comply to five different partial shading scenarios. The proposed techniques are analyzed alongside two contemporary reconfiguration strategies viz. SuDoKu (SDU), Calcudoku (CDU) and the conventional total cross tied (TCT). The performance parameters considered for evaluation are fill factor (FF), efficiency (EF), voltage utilization factor (VUF), current utilization factor (CUF), global maximum power (GMP). The propounded techniques SWS and KNS stands out for their EF in lowering energy deficits, improved FF, VUF, CUF and GMP with smooth output power-voltage curves. The simulation outcomes revealed maximum power enhancements of 28.77%, 5.8816%, 5.4791% and 3.7780% for SWS compared to TCT, SDU, CDU and KNS methods respectively.</p>

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Mitigating Partial Shading in Photovoltaic Arrays via Novel Sandwich and Knight SuDoKu Reconfiguration Patterns Leveraging the Z3 Solver

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月25日

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  • Kapil Deo Bodha,
  • Divya Ahluwalia,
  • Shahroz Anjum,
  • Vanya Arun

摘要

Shade variability affects solar energy systems, lessening their energy production. Altering solar array linkages have shown assured results in reducing theses partial shading (PS) effects. In this manuscript, the authors introduce two new enhanced photovoltaic array reconfiguration patterns namely, sandwich SuDoKu (SWS) and knight SuDoKu (KNS) which boosts energy output in diverse partial shading scenarios. To implement these reconfiguration patterns, the Z3 solver has been used to solve Sudoku puzzles, providing an alternative to the commonly used backtracking algorithm in similar studies. These strategies, as shown through MATLAB/Simulink simulations efficaciously comply to five different partial shading scenarios. The proposed techniques are analyzed alongside two contemporary reconfiguration strategies viz. SuDoKu (SDU), Calcudoku (CDU) and the conventional total cross tied (TCT). The performance parameters considered for evaluation are fill factor (FF), efficiency (EF), voltage utilization factor (VUF), current utilization factor (CUF), global maximum power (GMP). The propounded techniques SWS and KNS stands out for their EF in lowering energy deficits, improved FF, VUF, CUF and GMP with smooth output power-voltage curves. The simulation outcomes revealed maximum power enhancements of 28.77%, 5.8816%, 5.4791% and 3.7780% for SWS compared to TCT, SDU, CDU and KNS methods respectively.