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<p>Air flow sensing plays a critical role in many domains, including heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), automotive, aerospace, environmental and healthcare monitoring. Conventional techniques for measuring air flow velocity (AFV) frequently depend on bulky and expensive devices including ultrasonic sensors or hot-wire anemometers. Flexible triboelectric sensors (TES) have garnered significant attention for real-time air flow detection due to low cost, light weight and direct detection ability. However, the disclosed triboelectric air flow sensors are designed to improve sensing materials and structures, but they suffer from low signal sensitivity and higher threshold velocity, making them unsuitable for detecting extremely low air flow. This study proposes a scalable and cost-effective front freestanding flutter-driven triboelectric air flow sensor designed to enhance signal sensitivity and improve the detection of extremely low air flow. The fabricated sensor can simultaneously harvest mechanical energy from air flow-induced fluttering and detect a wide range of air flow velocities (AFV). It generates a peak-to-peak open circuit voltage of 720.66&#xa0;V and a short circuit current of 11.34 µA at an AFV of 10.56&#xa0;m/s, producing a maximum power of 1.188 mW. By carefully selecting triboactive materials and optimizing the sensor architecture, the sensor achieved high voltage and current sensitivities of 64.84&#xa0;V/(m/s) and 0.957 µA/(m/s), respectively, and reduced the threshold air flow velocity to 0.2&#xa0;m/s, making it suitable for extremely low air flow detection.</p>

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A Triboelectric Sensor for Detecting Extremely Low Airflow

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月15日

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  • Suvobrata Sil,
  • Arunangshu Ghosh

摘要

Air flow sensing plays a critical role in many domains, including heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), automotive, aerospace, environmental and healthcare monitoring. Conventional techniques for measuring air flow velocity (AFV) frequently depend on bulky and expensive devices including ultrasonic sensors or hot-wire anemometers. Flexible triboelectric sensors (TES) have garnered significant attention for real-time air flow detection due to low cost, light weight and direct detection ability. However, the disclosed triboelectric air flow sensors are designed to improve sensing materials and structures, but they suffer from low signal sensitivity and higher threshold velocity, making them unsuitable for detecting extremely low air flow. This study proposes a scalable and cost-effective front freestanding flutter-driven triboelectric air flow sensor designed to enhance signal sensitivity and improve the detection of extremely low air flow. The fabricated sensor can simultaneously harvest mechanical energy from air flow-induced fluttering and detect a wide range of air flow velocities (AFV). It generates a peak-to-peak open circuit voltage of 720.66 V and a short circuit current of 11.34 µA at an AFV of 10.56 m/s, producing a maximum power of 1.188 mW. By carefully selecting triboactive materials and optimizing the sensor architecture, the sensor achieved high voltage and current sensitivities of 64.84 V/(m/s) and 0.957 µA/(m/s), respectively, and reduced the threshold air flow velocity to 0.2 m/s, making it suitable for extremely low air flow detection.