Techno-Economic-Eco Design and Investigation of Hybrid Energy Generation Systems in Tropics

India, being a land of diversified flora, has a promising resource of biomass, which, when utilized to its best, can cope with the elevating need for power. This research proposes a biomass-based energy generation system that can cater to the power needs of remote areas in tropical deciduous forests. A simulation and techno-economic and ecological investigation of eight hybrid energy generation architectures have been carried out. The model comprising a solar photovoltaic-biomass energy unit-storage unit was found to be the most appropriate system to cater to the domestic, agricultural, and commercial demands of a cluster of 10 villages in the tropical highlands of India. This configuration proposes the least cost of energy (0.077 $/kWh) at a computed net cost of $ 380,415. 30.3% (106,240 kWh/year) of power is generated by PV, and the remaining 69.7% (321,580 kWh/year) is generated by Biomass generators. Ecologically, the proposed architecture predicts a cutdown of GHG (CO₂) emissions to a mere 82 kg/year. The results can help policymakers, researchers, and designers on the latest constraints as well as policies for solar photovoltaic-biomass energy-based systems.