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<p>This paper provides a critical review of advancements in the structural stability and ultimate strength analysis of lightweight spherical shell pressure hulls, addressing a persistent challenge in mechanical engineering and ocean engineering design. We begin by critically evaluating the reliability of established design codes against recent experimental and computational findings, highlighting a persistent predictive gap caused by multi-modal manufacturing imperfections. We emphasize that localized geometric imperfections, such as the Force-Induced Dimple (FID), cause a significantly greater reduction in collapse pressure (up to four times worse) than conventional global eigenmode shapes, proving the inadequacy of generalized models. The review then details the necessity of advanced material systems to enhance structural integrity: (1) Hybrid Domes: We analyze research establishing that optimal layup configuration is crucial, requiring high-yield material to be strategically placed on the innermost layer to maximize stability delay. (2) Auxetic Structures: We highlight novel developments in composite materials utilizing Negative Poisson Ratio (NPR) auxetics, reporting substantial potential stability gains. The paper concludes by arguing that to overcome the high unpredictability resulting from compounding flaws, the field must adopt a digital twin framework. This framework mandates the integration of high-fidelity, as-built imperfection data (including FID models) with probabilistic computational strategies, shifting structural analysis from conservative lower-bound estimates to reliable, performance-based forecasting.</p>

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Stability Analysis of Thin-Walled Domes: Integrating Localized Imperfections and Hybrid Material Systems for Performance-Based Design

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月4日

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  • M. S. Ismail,
  • J. Błachut

摘要

This paper provides a critical review of advancements in the structural stability and ultimate strength analysis of lightweight spherical shell pressure hulls, addressing a persistent challenge in mechanical engineering and ocean engineering design. We begin by critically evaluating the reliability of established design codes against recent experimental and computational findings, highlighting a persistent predictive gap caused by multi-modal manufacturing imperfections. We emphasize that localized geometric imperfections, such as the Force-Induced Dimple (FID), cause a significantly greater reduction in collapse pressure (up to four times worse) than conventional global eigenmode shapes, proving the inadequacy of generalized models. The review then details the necessity of advanced material systems to enhance structural integrity: (1) Hybrid Domes: We analyze research establishing that optimal layup configuration is crucial, requiring high-yield material to be strategically placed on the innermost layer to maximize stability delay. (2) Auxetic Structures: We highlight novel developments in composite materials utilizing Negative Poisson Ratio (NPR) auxetics, reporting substantial potential stability gains. The paper concludes by arguing that to overcome the high unpredictability resulting from compounding flaws, the field must adopt a digital twin framework. This framework mandates the integration of high-fidelity, as-built imperfection data (including FID models) with probabilistic computational strategies, shifting structural analysis from conservative lower-bound estimates to reliable, performance-based forecasting.