Scholarlink

<p>Moisture ingress is one of the important reasons for durability loss in cement-based materials and is liable for a massive portion of premature deterioration in infrastructure exposed to aggressive environments. This state-of-the-art review critically evaluates hydrophobic modification techniques for cementitious materials, integrating mechanistic information, quantitative performance metrics, and practical applicability. Surface treatments primarily based on silane–siloxane systems consistently attain 70–95% reductions in water absorption with long-time period hydrophobic retention exceeding 90% under field exposure, while nanomaterials, including graphene oxide and nano-silica, further reduce chloride permeability by up to 60% via microstructural densification and pore-network refinement. Fatty acid–based and polymeric agents offer environmentally friendly alternatives but may face demanding situations in maintaining performance under long-term exposure. The review also discusses wettability theories and their boundaries which is applied to porous cement structures. Typically, the assessment highlights key overall performance developments, practical limitations, and sustainability concerns, and identifies the need for life-cycle assessment, hybrid modification strategies, and long-term field studies to support durable cement-based infrastructure.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Engineering Hydrophobicity in Cement-Based Materials: A Critical Review of Advances in Hydrophobic Cement Composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月28日

查看全文
  • Joseph Gnanaraj S,
  • Abhishek Anil,
  • Harisankar V,
  • Harshini Sre E.S,
  • Sarmila Sri R,
  • Vasugi K

摘要

Moisture ingress is one of the important reasons for durability loss in cement-based materials and is liable for a massive portion of premature deterioration in infrastructure exposed to aggressive environments. This state-of-the-art review critically evaluates hydrophobic modification techniques for cementitious materials, integrating mechanistic information, quantitative performance metrics, and practical applicability. Surface treatments primarily based on silane–siloxane systems consistently attain 70–95% reductions in water absorption with long-time period hydrophobic retention exceeding 90% under field exposure, while nanomaterials, including graphene oxide and nano-silica, further reduce chloride permeability by up to 60% via microstructural densification and pore-network refinement. Fatty acid–based and polymeric agents offer environmentally friendly alternatives but may face demanding situations in maintaining performance under long-term exposure. The review also discusses wettability theories and their boundaries which is applied to porous cement structures. Typically, the assessment highlights key overall performance developments, practical limitations, and sustainability concerns, and identifies the need for life-cycle assessment, hybrid modification strategies, and long-term field studies to support durable cement-based infrastructure.

Graphical Abstract