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<p>Flash floods from sudden and rapid water rise and flow rate threaten life, structure, and agricultural livelihoods throughout Pakistan. The saline hill torrents of Khewra Salt Mine have led to decreased soil quality and damaged the local economy as agriculture has been disrupted. Despite the high vulnerability of this region, nothing has been done for flood routing and structural solutions for the area. This study estimates peak discharges from 12 catchments in the Khewra hill torrent region and designs flood carrier channels to deflect flood discharges safely into the Jhelum River. Hydrological and topographical data, such as SRTM DEMs and precipitation data, were collected. Catchments were delineated utilizing ArcMap GIS, runoff computed using HEC-HMS and Rational methods, and discharges validated through bridge cross-section analysis. These discharges were then used to perform channel routing and later to design flood carrier channels of various dimensions and parameters for 50 and 100-year return periods. Results indicated peak discharges between 1,617 and 62,629 cusecs, depending on return period and catchment size. This flood management proposal will reclaim over 55,000 acres of salt-affected land and base agricultural development on saline agriculture.</p>

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Flood Management Plan for Flash Floods of Pind Dadan Khan and Khewra Hill Torrents in Pakistan

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月13日

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  • Mohammad Hamza,
  • Muhammad Fahim Aslam,
  • Faraz ul Haq,
  • Muhammad Ahsan Ibrar,
  • Muhammad Masood Ashiq

摘要

Flash floods from sudden and rapid water rise and flow rate threaten life, structure, and agricultural livelihoods throughout Pakistan. The saline hill torrents of Khewra Salt Mine have led to decreased soil quality and damaged the local economy as agriculture has been disrupted. Despite the high vulnerability of this region, nothing has been done for flood routing and structural solutions for the area. This study estimates peak discharges from 12 catchments in the Khewra hill torrent region and designs flood carrier channels to deflect flood discharges safely into the Jhelum River. Hydrological and topographical data, such as SRTM DEMs and precipitation data, were collected. Catchments were delineated utilizing ArcMap GIS, runoff computed using HEC-HMS and Rational methods, and discharges validated through bridge cross-section analysis. These discharges were then used to perform channel routing and later to design flood carrier channels of various dimensions and parameters for 50 and 100-year return periods. Results indicated peak discharges between 1,617 and 62,629 cusecs, depending on return period and catchment size. This flood management proposal will reclaim over 55,000 acres of salt-affected land and base agricultural development on saline agriculture.