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<p>This research investigates the utilization of ceramic waste powder (CWP) as a partial sand replacement in autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) blocks to promote sustainable and eco-efficient construction. AAC mixes with 0–25% CWP were tested for compressive strength, split tensile strength, density, water absorption, and moisture content as per IS standards. In parallel, ensemble machine learning models—Extra Trees, Random Forest, AdaBoost, and Gradient Boosting—were used to predict mechanical properties and validate experimental trends. The optimal mix containing 15% CWP achieved a compressive strength of 3.25&#xa0;MPa (18.18% higher than control) and split tensile strength of 0.38&#xa0;MPa (31.03% higher than control), while maintaining acceptable density (547&#xa0;kg/m³) and water absorption (9.2%). The Extra Trees model demonstrated the best predictive accuracy (R² = 0.95 for compressive and R² = 0.97 for tensile strength), confirming the reliability of the findings. The study concludes that up to 15% CWP can effectively replace natural sand in AAC blocks for non-load-bearing applications, reducing environmental impact and supporting circular economy goals.</p>

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Performance Assessment of AAC Blocks with Ceramic Waste Powder as Partial Sand Replacement

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月23日

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  • Divyanshu Singh,
  • Prince Yadav,
  • Vikash Singh,
  • Zishan Raza Khan

摘要

This research investigates the utilization of ceramic waste powder (CWP) as a partial sand replacement in autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) blocks to promote sustainable and eco-efficient construction. AAC mixes with 0–25% CWP were tested for compressive strength, split tensile strength, density, water absorption, and moisture content as per IS standards. In parallel, ensemble machine learning models—Extra Trees, Random Forest, AdaBoost, and Gradient Boosting—were used to predict mechanical properties and validate experimental trends. The optimal mix containing 15% CWP achieved a compressive strength of 3.25 MPa (18.18% higher than control) and split tensile strength of 0.38 MPa (31.03% higher than control), while maintaining acceptable density (547 kg/m³) and water absorption (9.2%). The Extra Trees model demonstrated the best predictive accuracy (R² = 0.95 for compressive and R² = 0.97 for tensile strength), confirming the reliability of the findings. The study concludes that up to 15% CWP can effectively replace natural sand in AAC blocks for non-load-bearing applications, reducing environmental impact and supporting circular economy goals.