<p>Sustainable utilization of industrial and agricultural waste has drawn attention due to environmental concerns, and it helps to recycle waste materials without compromising the strength of soil stabilization. This review paper explores the use of the various waste materials due to their chemical composition, which often includes reactive silica, calcium, etc., that act as supplementary cementitious additives, enhancing the strength and durability through pozzolanic reactions. Industrial by-products such as fly ash, bottom ash, granulated slag, ceramic waste, cement kiln dust, plastic waste, silica fume, palm oil fuel ash, waste tires, glass waste, and sewage sludge ash, along with agricultural wastes such as rice husk ash, wheat straw ash, sugarcane bagasse ash, corn cob ash, coconut waste, mango kernel ash, coffee husk ash, and groundnut shell ash, were examined for their potential application in soil stabilization. Several combinations of ashes with different fibers in various proportions have been explored to enhance different soil properties. Based on the reviewed literature, an increase in the plasticity index of the expansive and clayey soils leads to substantial improvement in strength when treated with pozzolanic materials, making them suitable for use in subgrades and embankments. Additionally, soft and silty soil properties were improved by adding fibers and waste materials, while lateritic and residual soils responded well to calcium-based additives such as lime and cement combined with ash. Real-life applications of soil stabilization using waste materials have also been discussed.</p>