<p>Road traffic accidents are a serious concern, especially in developing economies where private vehicles are the dominant mode to commute, and their number is increasing. Developing countries including Pakistan are facing a substantial increase in road traffic accidents. Extensive research is being carried out to determine critical factors that affect crash frequency and severity as well as mitigation measures to improve road safety. This study covers a review of recent research carried out regarding road safety in Pakistan. The research encompasses medical, engineering, and behavioral psychological aspects of road traffic accidents. A comprehensive literature review is conducted, focusing on road traffic accidents in Pakistan from the perspectives of medicine, engineering, and behavioral psychology. Utilizing various database search platforms, including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Semantic Scholar, a vast array of relevant literature is compiled. Safety policies with their effect on accidents and a detailed investigation of factors affecting traffic accidents have also been discussed. It is observed that research carried out on road safety in Pakistan is inadequate, and the main reason is the lack of accident reporting. Besides, the foremost reason for accidents is a lack of awareness among drivers regarding safety considerations and traffic safety rules. To tackle the issue of road traffic accidents, a data collection and analysis mechanism is proposed to improve accident data reporting and related issues.</p>