Coexisting Attractors in Neuronal Circuit Based on Josephson Junction Under the Effects of Light and Temperature: Analysis and Microcontroller Implementation

The investigation in this paper is founded on the theoretical study of a neuronal circuit driven by a Josephson junction (JJ) under the effects of light and temperature, and its microcontroller design. The neuronal circuit is made of a resistor in series to a phototube (PT) to which an excitation which is a direct current (DC) source, a thermistor, and a capacitor is linked to this formalism via the parallel connection. The system describing the neuronal circuit has 2 or no equilibrium points with a direct consequence on the excitation current and constant voltage of PT. Stability explorations reveal a stable node or focus and a saddle-node for the reported two equilibrium points. The hysteresis loops' appearances are dependent on the temperature, damping parameter, and constant voltage across the PT. Continuous spiking oscillations, periodic and periodic bursting oscillations, chaotic and coexisting attractors as a function of the temperature, and modulation parameters of a sinusoidal voltage of PT are characterized via numerical simulations. Quantitatively, the theoretical results are similar to the experimental results achieved via the microcontroller implementation of the model of the neuronal circuit founded on the JJ under the effects of light and temperature.