<p>Motivated by the theory of Diophantine <i>m</i>-tuples, we study rational points on quadratic twists <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40993_2025_652_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="274" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(H^d:d y^2=(x^2-x-3)(x^2+2x-12)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>H</mi> <mi>d</mi> </msup> <mo>:</mo> <mi>d</mi> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>12</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where |<i>d</i>| is a prime. If we denote by <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40993_2025_652_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="409" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(S(X)=\{ d \in \mathbb {Z}: H^d(\mathbb {Q})\ne \emptyset , |d| \text { is a prime}\text { and } |d| &lt; X\},\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>X</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> <mo>:</mo> <msup> <mi>H</mi> <mi>d</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Q</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>≠</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">is</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">prime</mi> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">and</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">X</mi> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> then, by assuming some standard conjectures about the ranks of elliptic curves in the family of quadratic twists, we prove that as <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40993_2025_652_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="63" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(X \rightarrow \infty \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>X</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi>∞</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation><Equation ID="Equ4"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40993_2025_652_Article_Equ4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="43" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="255" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\frac{43}{256}+o(1)\le \frac{\#S(X)}{2\pi (X)}\le \frac{46}{256}+o(1),\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>43</mn> <mn>256</mn> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <mi>o</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>≤</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>#</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>X</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>X</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>≤</mo> <mfrac> <mn>46</mn> <mn>256</mn> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <mi>o</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40993_2025_652_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="39" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\pi (X)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>π</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>X</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the prime-counting function. A novel aspect of our work is the computation of the Cassels-Tate pairing by studying the splitting behavior of primes in the governing fields defined by Smith [<CitationRef CitationID="CR21">21</CitationRef>], which plays a key role in analyzing the existence of rational points on the curve <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40993_2025_652_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="25" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(H^d\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>H</mi> <mi>d</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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Quadratic twists of genus one curves and Diophantine quintuples

  • Matija Kazalicki

摘要

Motivated by the theory of Diophantine m-tuples, we study rational points on quadratic twists \(H^d:d y^2=(x^2-x-3)(x^2+2x-12)\) H d : d y 2 = ( x 2 - x - 3 ) ( x 2 + 2 x - 12 ) , where |d| is a prime. If we denote by \(S(X)=\{ d \in \mathbb {Z}: H^d(\mathbb {Q})\ne \emptyset , |d| \text { is a prime}\text { and } |d| < X\},\) S ( X ) = { d Z : H d ( Q ) , | d | is a prime and | d | < X } , then, by assuming some standard conjectures about the ranks of elliptic curves in the family of quadratic twists, we prove that as \(X \rightarrow \infty \) X \(\frac{43}{256}+o(1)\le \frac{\#S(X)}{2\pi (X)}\le \frac{46}{256}+o(1),\) 43 256 + o ( 1 ) # S ( X ) 2 π ( X ) 46 256 + o ( 1 ) , where \(\pi (X)\) π ( X ) is the prime-counting function. A novel aspect of our work is the computation of the Cassels-Tate pairing by studying the splitting behavior of primes in the governing fields defined by Smith [21], which plays a key role in analyzing the existence of rational points on the curve \(H^d\) H d .