<p>Almost nothing is known about the parity of the partition function <i>p</i>(<i>n</i>), which is conjectured to be random. Despite this expectation, Ono [<CitationRef CitationID="CR10">10</CitationRef>] surprisingly proved the existence of infinitely many linear dependence congruence relations modulo 4 for <i>p</i>(<i>n</i>), indicating that the parity of the partition function cannot be truly random. Answering a question of Ono, we explicitly exhibit the first examples of these relations which he proved theoretically exist. The first two relations invoke 131 (resp. 198) different discriminants <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40993_2025_618_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="93" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( D \le 24 k - 1 \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>D</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>24</mn> <mi>k</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40993_2025_618_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="57" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( k = 309 \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>309</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (resp. <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40993_2025_618_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="57" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( k = 312 \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>312</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>); new relations occur for <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40993_2025_618_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="258" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( k = 316,\, 317,\, 319,\, 321,\, 322,\, 326, \, \ldots \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>316</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mn>317</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mn>319</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mn>321</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mn>322</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mn>326</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mo>…</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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Explicit linear dependence congruence relations for the partition function modulo 4

  • Steven Charlton

摘要

Almost nothing is known about the parity of the partition function p(n), which is conjectured to be random. Despite this expectation, Ono [10] surprisingly proved the existence of infinitely many linear dependence congruence relations modulo 4 for p(n), indicating that the parity of the partition function cannot be truly random. Answering a question of Ono, we explicitly exhibit the first examples of these relations which he proved theoretically exist. The first two relations invoke 131 (resp. 198) different discriminants \( D \le 24 k - 1 \) D 24 k - 1 for \( k = 309 \) k = 309 (resp. \( k = 312 \) k = 312 ); new relations occur for \( k = 316,\, 317,\, 319,\, 321,\, 322,\, 326, \, \ldots \) k = 316 , 317 , 319 , 321 , 322 , 326 , .