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<p>Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) lattice structures offer unique mechanical properties, high strength-to-weight ratios, and tunable energy absorption, making them attractive for aerospace, biomedical, and energy-absorbing systems. Although individual TPMS configurations have been widely studied, direct comparisons between sheet and skeleton based TPMS structures remain limited, particularly in terms of manufacturability, deformation modes, and energy absorption. This study investigates five TPMS topologies—gyroid, diamond, primitive, IWP, and Fischer Koch S—fabricated by laser powder bed fusion of Ti6Al4V at a constant relative density of 30%. Quasi-static compression tests were complemented with finite element simulations using the Johnson–Cook damage model to predict elastic modulus, yield strength, and peak stress. Results show that sheet TPMS structures provide higher compressive strength, progressive deformation, and stable energy absorption, while skeleton TPMS exhibits bending-dominated collapse with fluctuating efficiency. Relative density deviations were higher for sheet (8.14–18.67%) than skeleton structures (1.57–6.07%) due to powder adherence. Finite element predictions were consistent for yield and compressive strength (&lt; 15% error), though elastic modulus discrepancies were larger for both types due to manufacturing imperfections. This study highlights the manufacturability performance relationship of TPMS lattices, offering design insights for lightweight structural applications.</p>

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Mechanical and energy absorption capabilities of additively fabricated Ti6Al4V multi-layer sheet and skeleton lattice structures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Gunashekar Gaddam,
  • Suresh Kumar Reddy Narala

摘要

Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) lattice structures offer unique mechanical properties, high strength-to-weight ratios, and tunable energy absorption, making them attractive for aerospace, biomedical, and energy-absorbing systems. Although individual TPMS configurations have been widely studied, direct comparisons between sheet and skeleton based TPMS structures remain limited, particularly in terms of manufacturability, deformation modes, and energy absorption. This study investigates five TPMS topologies—gyroid, diamond, primitive, IWP, and Fischer Koch S—fabricated by laser powder bed fusion of Ti6Al4V at a constant relative density of 30%. Quasi-static compression tests were complemented with finite element simulations using the Johnson–Cook damage model to predict elastic modulus, yield strength, and peak stress. Results show that sheet TPMS structures provide higher compressive strength, progressive deformation, and stable energy absorption, while skeleton TPMS exhibits bending-dominated collapse with fluctuating efficiency. Relative density deviations were higher for sheet (8.14–18.67%) than skeleton structures (1.57–6.07%) due to powder adherence. Finite element predictions were consistent for yield and compressive strength (< 15% error), though elastic modulus discrepancies were larger for both types due to manufacturing imperfections. This study highlights the manufacturability performance relationship of TPMS lattices, offering design insights for lightweight structural applications.