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<p>The inferior internal surface quality of mini-channels fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M), characterized by defects such as unmelted particles and cracks, presents significant challenges for post-processing and constrains the broader application of PBF-LB/M components in fluidic systems. To address this issue, this study introduces a nanobubble-enhanced hydrodynamic cavitation abrasive finishing (HCAF) technique. This approach exploits the nanobubble-induced reduction of the cavitation threshold, thereby facilitating more efficient surface defect removal for PBF-LB/M components. Experimental investigations examined the influence of nanobubble concentration, channel diameter, and enhancement efficiency on the removal of defects in various regions of PBF-LB/M-fabricated 316&#xa0;L stainless steel channels. The results demonstrate that nanobubble water accelerates defect removal, achieving a 30.6% improvement in surface quality and effectively eliminating defects in the overhanging regions of the channel’s top surface. Furthermore, nanobubble-enhanced cavitation was observed to occur throughout the entire flow channel. High-speed imaging confirmed that the cavitation bubble cloud intensity in the nanobubble water group was markedly greater than that in the pure water group. These findings indicate that nanobubbles, functioning as pre-existing gas nuclei, significantly reduce the negative pressure threshold required to initiate cavitation. Consequently, cavitation intensity is enhanced during HCAF processing, reinforcing the synergistic interaction between cavitation dynamics and abrasive mechanisms.</p>

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Nanobubble-enhanced hydrodynamic cavitation abrasive finishing of mini-channels fabricated using laser powder bed fusion

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Dengting Li,
  • Shengbing Cao,
  • Chunyan Fu,
  • Hailun Tang,
  • Juxiang Wang,
  • Fangye Lin,
  • Yi Zhu,
  • Yong Chen

摘要

The inferior internal surface quality of mini-channels fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M), characterized by defects such as unmelted particles and cracks, presents significant challenges for post-processing and constrains the broader application of PBF-LB/M components in fluidic systems. To address this issue, this study introduces a nanobubble-enhanced hydrodynamic cavitation abrasive finishing (HCAF) technique. This approach exploits the nanobubble-induced reduction of the cavitation threshold, thereby facilitating more efficient surface defect removal for PBF-LB/M components. Experimental investigations examined the influence of nanobubble concentration, channel diameter, and enhancement efficiency on the removal of defects in various regions of PBF-LB/M-fabricated 316 L stainless steel channels. The results demonstrate that nanobubble water accelerates defect removal, achieving a 30.6% improvement in surface quality and effectively eliminating defects in the overhanging regions of the channel’s top surface. Furthermore, nanobubble-enhanced cavitation was observed to occur throughout the entire flow channel. High-speed imaging confirmed that the cavitation bubble cloud intensity in the nanobubble water group was markedly greater than that in the pure water group. These findings indicate that nanobubbles, functioning as pre-existing gas nuclei, significantly reduce the negative pressure threshold required to initiate cavitation. Consequently, cavitation intensity is enhanced during HCAF processing, reinforcing the synergistic interaction between cavitation dynamics and abrasive mechanisms.