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<p>The mechanical response of 3D-printed architected lattice structures strongly depends on their internal geometry and manufacturing fidelity, which together influence load distribution and failure behaviour. This study experimentally investigates PLA-based Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) and Cube lattice structures fabricated using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), assessing how varying volume fractions (0.5–1.0) and infill densities (50%–90%) affect their compressive performance. Results clearly demonstrate that increasing volume fraction significantly enhances compressive strength by augmenting load-bearing cross-sectional areas, with Cube lattices (stretching-dominated) achieving peak strengths above 26&#xa0;MPa at the maximum volume fraction (VF = 1.0) and 90% infill density. Higher infill densities substantially improved filament bonding and reduced internal voids, reinforcing overall structural stiffness and integrity. Meanwhile, BCC lattices, characterized by their bending-dominated deformation, exhibited superior specific energy absorption (SEA), reaching up to 24.6&#xa0;kJ/kg at intermediate volume fractions (VF = 0.9) and higher infill densities, due to their gradual, progressive failure mechanisms. Additionally, a Composite Performance Index (CPI) was developed to holistically evaluate lattice configurations, with Cube 1.0 at 90% infill density ranking highest (CPI = 0.999), closely followed by the structurally efficient BCC 0.9 at 70% infill density (CPI = 0.961). These insights provide practical guidelines for optimizing lightweight lattice structures, relevant to biomedical implants, automotive components, and protective gear, where balancing strength, energy absorption, and weight efficiency is critical.</p>

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CPI-based characterization of compression response in FDM-printed architected PLA lattices

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月12日

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  • Jay Prakash Srivastava,
  • Jayanth Kothapally,
  • Sai Prakeerthan Reddy Patlolla,
  • Siva Surya Mulugundam

摘要

The mechanical response of 3D-printed architected lattice structures strongly depends on their internal geometry and manufacturing fidelity, which together influence load distribution and failure behaviour. This study experimentally investigates PLA-based Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) and Cube lattice structures fabricated using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), assessing how varying volume fractions (0.5–1.0) and infill densities (50%–90%) affect their compressive performance. Results clearly demonstrate that increasing volume fraction significantly enhances compressive strength by augmenting load-bearing cross-sectional areas, with Cube lattices (stretching-dominated) achieving peak strengths above 26 MPa at the maximum volume fraction (VF = 1.0) and 90% infill density. Higher infill densities substantially improved filament bonding and reduced internal voids, reinforcing overall structural stiffness and integrity. Meanwhile, BCC lattices, characterized by their bending-dominated deformation, exhibited superior specific energy absorption (SEA), reaching up to 24.6 kJ/kg at intermediate volume fractions (VF = 0.9) and higher infill densities, due to their gradual, progressive failure mechanisms. Additionally, a Composite Performance Index (CPI) was developed to holistically evaluate lattice configurations, with Cube 1.0 at 90% infill density ranking highest (CPI = 0.999), closely followed by the structurally efficient BCC 0.9 at 70% infill density (CPI = 0.961). These insights provide practical guidelines for optimizing lightweight lattice structures, relevant to biomedical implants, automotive components, and protective gear, where balancing strength, energy absorption, and weight efficiency is critical.