Optimization of direct ink writing of Si3N4 suspensions for the fabrication of self-supported structure
摘要
Si3N4 is an advanced ceramic highly attractive for applications in aeronautics, aerospace, and other industries. Additive manufacturing (AM) is suitable for producing advanced ceramic parts with complex shapes, eliminating the need for machining to achieve the final component (near-net-shape concept), thereby reducing costs. In this context, direct ink writing (DIW), which involves the extrusion of low organic aqueous suspensions, is well-suited for the rapid printing of large shapes with varying wall thicknesses. In this work, the formulation of a Si3N4 aqueous suspension has been fully developed. The optimal adding amounts of dispersant, ceramic loading, and organic binders have been determined to achieve suitable rheological properties for DIW. The suspension rheology has been adjusted to produce tall, self-supported, thinner parts, such as radomes, which are particularly challenging due to their sensitivity to slumping. These parts were sintered at 1850 °C in N2 atmosphere and exhibit a distinctive microstructure with typical non-equiaxed Si3N4 needle-like grains. The microhardness value of 1505 HV and the flexural strength of 374 MPa were comparable to Si3N4 ceramics fabricated through conventional processing.
Graphical abstract